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Sally Brinkman - Early Childhood Development in Tonga: Baseline Results from the Tongan Early Human Capability Index

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Sally Brinkman Early Childhood Development in Tonga: Baseline Results from the Tongan Early Human Capability Index
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Early Childhood Development in Tonga: Baseline Results from the Tongan Early Human Capability Index: summary, description and annotation

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Early Childhood Development in Tonga offers a comprehensive assessment of early child development across Tonga using the Tongan Early Human Capability Index instrument. The data has information on more than 6,600 children, ages three to five, living across 36 inhabited islands, and reported for 129 communities. On the basis of population figures from the Tongan census data collection provided by the Tonga Department of Statistics, 81 percent of three- to five-year-olds participated in the Tongan Early Human Capability Index.The report details the development of the instrument used to collect the child development data to ensure cultural validity and local relevance, while still capturing the fundamental aspects of child development that are consistent across countries and cultures. As well as the development of the instrument, other countries will also be interested in learning about h the method of data collection across a country with remote and isolated islands using an innovative partnership between health and education. Using existing systems and community governance structures, the data was not only collected but also disseminated back to communities to raise awareness and prompt community and government mobilization to support early child development.The process of developing and implementing the Tongan Early Human Capability Index across Tonga helped build national and district capacity, and is encouraging the establishment of community-based supports for children. Researchers, policy makers, and practitioners as well as advocates for the development and enhancement of systems to monitor early child development worldwide will find this publication highly significant.

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WORLD BANK STUDY Early Childhood Development in Tonga Baseline Results from - photo 1

WORLD BANK STUDY

Early Childhood Development in Tonga

Baseline Results from the Tongan Early Human Capability Index

Sally Brinkman and Binh Thanh Vu

2017 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank - photo 2

2017 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank

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Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org

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World Bank Studies are published to communicate the results of the Banks work to the development community with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper therefore has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally edited texts.

This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.

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AttributionPlease cite the work as follows: Brinkman, Sally, and Binh Thanh Vu. 2017. Early Childhood Development in Tonga: Baseline Results from the Tongan Early Human Capability Index. World Bank Studies. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0999-6. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO

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ISBN (paper): 978-1-4648-0999-6

ISBN (electronic): 978-1-4648-1000-8

DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-0999-6

Cover photo: World Bank/Conor Ashleigh. Used with permission. Further permission required for reuse.

Cover design: Debra Naylor, Naylor Design, Inc.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been requested.

Contents

Foreword by Alice Albright and Amit Dar

Foreword by Ana Maui Taufeulungaki

Acknowledgments

About the Authors

Abbreviations

Executive Summary

Chapter 1

Introduction

Context of Tonga

The Pacific Early Age Readiness and Learning Programme

PEARL Pillars

Tonga PEARL

Chapter 2

The Importance of Measuring Early Childhood Development

Early Childhood Development and School Readiness

Measuring Early Childhood Development

Chapter 3

Steps in the Development of the Tongan Early Human Capability Index

Why Develop a New Measure of Early Human Capability for Tonga?

Consultations: What Does a Solid/Strong Tongan Child Look Like When Starting School?

Step 1: First Consultations

Step 2: Second Consultation/Face Validity

Step 3: Pilot Test

Step 4: Third Consultation to Finalize Instrument

The TeHCI

Implementation of the Census

Chapter 4

Results

Resultant Sample Description

TeHCI Descriptive Results

Social and Demographic Factors Affect Child Development

Early Childhood Stimulation in the Home Positively Affects Child Development

Preschool Services Positively Affect Child Development

Geographical Mapping

Data Dissemination

Chapter 5

Potential Future Use of the Early Human Capability Index in Tonga and Conclusions

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