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Adeel Javed - Building Arduino Projects for the Internet of Things: Experiments with Real-World Applications

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Adeel Javed Building Arduino Projects for the Internet of Things: Experiments with Real-World Applications
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This is a book about building Arduino-powered devices for everyday use, and then connecting those devices to the Internet. If youre one of the many who have decided to build your own Arduino-powered devices for IoT applications, youve probably wished you could find a single resource--a guidebook for the eager-to-learn Arduino enthusiast--that teaches logically, methodically, and practically how the Arduino works and what you can build with it.

Building Arduino Projects for the Internet of Things: Experiments with Real-World Applications is exactly what you need. Written by a software developer and solution architect who got tired of hunting and gathering various lessons for Arduino development as he taught himself all about the topic, this book gives you an incredibly strong foundation of Arduino-based device development, from which you can go in any direction according to your specific development needs and desires.

Readers are introduced to the building blocks of IoT, and then deploy those principles to by building a variety of useful projects. Projects in the books gradually introduce the reader to key topics such as internet connectivity with Arduino, common IoT protocols, custom web visualization, and Android apps that receive sensor data on-demand and in realtime. IoT device enthusiasts of all ages will want this book by their side when developing Android-based devices.

What Youll Learn:

  • Connect an Arduino device to the Internet

  • Creating an Arduino circuit that senses temperature

  • Publishing data collected from an Arduino to a server and to an MQTT broker

  • Setting up channels in Xively

  • Setting up an app in IBM Bluematrix
  • Using Node-RED to define complex flows
  • Publishing data visualization in a web app
  • Reporting motion-sensor data through a mobile app
  • Creating a remote control for house lights
  • Creating a machine-to-machine communication requiring no human intervention
  • Creating a location-aware device

ket= of= new= enthusiasts= all= ages= who= are= just= starting= out= with= iot= device= development.

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Part 1
Building Blocks
Adeel Javed 2016
Adeel Javed Building Arduino Projects for the Internet of Things 10.1007/978-1-4842-1940-9_1
1. Arduino Basics
Adeel Javed 1
(1)
Lake Zurich, Illinois, USA
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this chapter (doi: 10.1007/978-1-4842-1940-9_1 ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Arduino is an open-source platform thats composed of very simple and easy-to-use hardware and software. In a nutshell your Arduino can read sensor data and control components such as lights, motors, thermostats, and garage doors. It has mainly been developed for prototyping purposes, so it is a great fit for this IoT beginners book.
Learning Objectives
At the end of this chapter, you will be able to:
  • Use Arduino hardware
  • Use the Arduino IDE
  • Write, upload, and execute basic Arduino programs
Hardware Requirements
Arduino comes in various models (also known as boards ). Each board has different specifications. If your board does not come built-in with the features you are looking for, then you always have an option to add a shield that supports required features. In the Arduino world, a shield is very similar to a board, but it only supports specific functionality such as the ability to connect to a WiFi network or the ability to control servo motors. A shield acts as an add-on; that is, it is physically attached to the top of an Arduino board. Once attached, the Arduino board becomes capable of handling shield features as well.
Figure shows a diagram of an Ethernet shield .
Figure 1-1 Arduino Uno Figure 1-2 Ethernet shield The following - photo 1
Figure 1-1.
Arduino Uno
Figure 1-2 Ethernet shield The following list summarizes some of the - photo 2
Figure 1-2.
Ethernet shield
The following list summarizes some of the important parts of the board that have been used in projects throughout the book.
Note
Parts will vary based on the Arduino board you choose.
  • Digital pins: In total there are 14 digital pins on Arduino Uno. Digital pins can be both INPUT and OUTPUT, but their state can only be HIGH or LOW. HIGH means there is current while LOW means no current. An example of digital pin usage is turning an LED light on or off. To turn it on, the digital pin should be set to HIGH and to turn it off the digital pin should be set to LOW .
  • Analog pins: Arduino Uno supports six analog pins, A0 through A5. Unlike digital pins, the readings of analog pins can range from 0 to 1023. A good example of a sensor that provides analog readings is a soil moisture sensor. The range helps identify how much moisture is left in the soil.
  • USB connector: A USB connector lets you connect Arduino to the computer, power the board, upload code, and receive logs on a serial monitor.
  • Battery power: IoT applications that need to be placed in remote locations will need their own power source. You can use the battery power connector to power the board.
This book uses Arduino Uno for all projects. Arduino Uno is categorized as an entry-level board most suited for beginners. Even though the book uses Arduino Uno, you are not required to use it; you can choose any of the Arduino boards to complete projects in this book. Since this book is about the Internet of things, Internet connectivity is an important requirement. Whichever Arduino board you decide to use, just make sure that it supports Internet connectivity in some form. The Arduino board should either come with a built-in Internet connectivity option or you should have the required Internet connectivity shield.
Note
Arduino Uno does not come with built-in Internet connectivity support, so in the book both Ethernet and WiFi shields have been used. On the other hand, a more advanced model of Arduino called Yn does support built-in Ethernet and WiFi connectivity. Chapter discusses Internet connectivity in more detail.
Software Requirements
Arduino provides a C-like language for programming Arduino boards. You will be using the Arduino IDE for writing code and uploading it to an Arduino board. You can install the latest version of Arduino IDE from https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software .
Once Arduino IDE has been installed on your machine, open it and, as shown in Figure , it will load with default code.
Figure 1-3 Default view of Arduino IDE There are three components of - photo 3
Figure 1-3.
Default view of Arduino IDE
There are three components of Arduino IDE that are referenced in every chapter of this book.
  • Toolbar
  • Status window
  • Serial Monitor window
Toolbar
The toolbar on top of the IDE, as shown in Figure , provides easy access to frequently used options .
Figure 1-4 Arduino IDE toolbar VerifyCompile This is the first button - photo 4
Figure 1-4.
Arduino IDE toolbar
  • Verify/Compile: This is the first button from the left (the tick mark). Click this button to verify and compile your code for correctness. You can view the results in the Status window at the bottom .
  • Upload: This is the second button from left (right-pointing arrow). If your Arduino board is connected to your machine that is running the Arduino IDE, this will upload the code on the Arduino board. You can view the deployment results in the Status window at the bottom.
  • New/Open/Save: The next three buttons, as their names suggest, let you open a new code window, open an existing code file, or save the currently open code. Arduino code files have an *.ino extension.
  • Serial/Monitor: The last button on the right lets you open the Serial Monitor window.
Status Window
When you verify the code or upload it to a board, the Status window shown in Figure lists all the results. Any errors that occur during code verification or uploading will be shown in the Status window .
Figure 1-5 Arduino IDE Status window Serial Monitor Window The Serial - photo 5
Figure 1-5.
Arduino IDE Status window
Serial Monitor Window
The Serial Monitor window shown in Figure prints all log messages generated by the Serial.print() and Serial.println() functions in the code. In order to print any messages on the Serial Monitor window, you first need to initialize the message in the code (discussed later) .
Figure 1-6 Log messages on the Serial Monitor window Arduino Programming - photo 6
Figure 1-6.
Log messages on the Serial Monitor window
Arduino Programming Language Reference
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