Sunil Tanna - Advanced Binary for Programming & Computer Science: Logical, Bitwise and Arithmetic Operations, and Data Encoding and Representation

This book explains how the binary works & how it is used by computers to represent information including positive & negative integers, characters & real numbers. It explains the logical & bitwise operations used to manipulate information & perform arithmetic. We also briefly look at how computers store this information in memory & secondary storage, & how it can be transmitted between computers.Topics covered include:INTRODUCING NUMBER BASES & BINARYCONVERTING FROM BINARY TO DENARY & VICE-VERSAHow to Convert a Binary Number to DenaryHow to Convert a Denary Number to BinaryHOW COMPUTERS GROUP BINARY DIGITSA Closer Look at BytesA Closer Look at Words-Word alignment, word alignment & packing, byte ordering & endiannessAddressesBOOLEAN OPERATIONS & LOGIC GATESFundamentals of Boolean Algebra-NOT, AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, NXORCombining Logic Gates-NOT, AND, OR, XOR, NOR using NAND logicLogical Versus Bitwise OperationsUsing Bitwise Operations to Set, Clear, Flip or Test Bits-Setting bits, inverting bits, clearing bits, testing bitsADDING & SUBTRACTING IN BINARYAdding Binary Integers-The column addition method of adding denary numbers & adding binary numbers, implementing binary addition using logic gatesSubtracting Binary Integers-The column subtraction methods of subtracting denary numbers & subtracting binary numbers, implementing binary subtraction using logic gatesSHIFT OPERATIONSLeft ShiftRight ShiftCircular ShiftsMULTIPLICATION & DIVISION IN BINARYMultiplication-Multiplying by a power of 2, column multiplication, Russian peasant multiplication algorithm, multiplication in hardwareDivision-Dividing by a power of 2, denary long division, binary long division, algorithm for binary long division, division in hardwareREPRESENTING CHARACTERS & STRINGS OF CHARACTERSRepresenting Individual Characters-ASCII, extended ASCIIs, BCDIC & other early character encodings, EBCDIC, UnicodeRepresenting Strings of Characters-Terminated strings, length-prefixed strings, other string representationsREPRESENTING TEXT & GRAPHICS ON SCREENText Mode DisplaysBitmap DisplaysPARITY CHECKINGWhat is a Parity BitEven & Odd ParityAdvantages, Disadvantages & Limitations of Using Parity CheckingParitys Use in RAID Storage DevicesUnused Parity BitsSIGNED INTEGERSOffset BinarySigned Magnitude RepresentationOnes ComplementTwos ComplementOther Representations of Signed Numbers-Base -2, signed-digit representationREAL NUMBERSFixed Point RepresentationFloating Point RepresentationRational Data TypeLogarithmic Number SystemsDENARY ENCODINGS & DECIMAL DATA TYPESWhy Use Denary Representations of Real Numbers?Binary Encodings of Denary-Serial decimal, two-out-of-five, bi-quinary, character-based encodings of denary, binary-Coded Decimal (BCD), Chen-Ho Encoding, Densely Packed Decimal (DPD) & excess-3Decimal Data Types-Which numbers can be exactly represented in fixed & floating point?-How inexact?-Issues with inexact representation-Decimal representationDATA STRUCTURESStructsArraysLinked Lists & More Complex Structures-Limitations of arrays, introducing linked lists, singly & doubly linked lists, more complex data structuresTYPES OF COMPUTER MEMORYMagnetic-Core Memory & Core Rope MemoryRAM-DRAM & SRAMROM-Mask-programmed ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, Flash memorySECONDARY STORAGESequential Storage-Punched tape, magnetic tapeRandom Access Storage-Magnetic disk, optical disk, solid state drives, flash memory & cloud storageMEASURING MEMORY & STORAGEDIGITAL COMMUNICATIONSSerial CommunicationParallel CommunicationMEASURING TRANSFER RATESBaud