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Adeli Hojjat - Recent advances in information systems and technologies. Volume 3

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Adeli Hojjat Recent advances in information systems and technologies. Volume 3

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Preface; Organization; Contents; Managing Audiovisual Mass Media (Governance, Funding and Innovation) and Mobile Journalism; Immersive Journalism Through Mobile Devices: How Virtual Reality Apps Are Changing News Consumption; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Theoretical Framework; 2.1 Interactive Nonfiction; 2.2 Virtual Reality; 2.3 Immersion; 3 Methodology; 4 Results; 5 Conclusions; Acknowledgment; References; Crowdfunding: A Possible Complementary Funding Model for European Public Service Broadcasting; Abstract; 1 Introduction.;This book contains a selection of papers accepted for presentation and discussion at The 2017 World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (WorldCIST17). This conference had the support of the IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society, AISTI (Iberian Association for Information Systems and Technologies/Associao Ibrica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informao), ISCAP (School of Accounting and Administration of Porto/Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administrao do Porto), and GIIM (Global Institute for IT Management). It took place at Porto Santo Island, Madeira, Portugal, during April 11-13, 2017.

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Adeli Hojjat - Recent advances in information systems and technologies. Volume 3
Recent advances in information systems and technologies. Volume 3
Adeli Hojjat
Recent advances in information systems and technologies. Volume 3

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Software Systems, Architectures, Applications and Tools
Springer International Publishing AG 2017
lvaro Rocha , Ana Maria Correia , Hojjat Adeli , Lus Paulo Reis and Sandra Costanzo (eds.) Recent Advances in Information Systems and Technologies Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 10.1007/978-3-319-56538-5_1
Monitoring Energy Consumption System to Improve Energy Efficiency
Gonalo Marques 1
(1)
Polytechnic Institute of Guarda Unit for Inland Developement, Av. Dr. Francisco S Carneiro, n 50, 6300559 Guarda, Portugal
Gonalo Marques
Email:
Rui Pitarma (Corresponding author)
Email:
Abstract
The National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency sets targets for the years 2016 to 2020 in which energy efficiency is a European priority covering all Member States. Energy efficiency has been increasing its importance over the years National and international laws have been introduced to reinforce that concept. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept created to define the technological revolution of the devices used in day-to-day connected to the global Internet network. Thereby associating the need for monitoring of energy consumption to the paradigm of the Internet of Things, we intend to design and build an automatic system that allows monitoring and control of electrical devices connected to the Internet via Wi-Fi denominated by iPlug . This system is a smart plug that fits a generic socket and provides information of power consumption (s) device (s) connected to it by calculating the current and the line voltage, this information is stored in a database. The iPlug also lets you know whether the outlet is on or off, change your status, and access to consumption data through two applications, a Web portal and an application for iOS.
Keywords
Energy efficiency Sustainability Monitoring IoT (Internet of Things) Smart cities iOS Web services
Introduction
Energy efficiency as a policy objective refers to commercial, industrial competitiveness and energy security benefits, as well as increasingly to environmental benefits such as reducing CO2 emissions [].
Energy efficiency is a concern with two main motivations. On one hand the environmental motivation, related to the reduction of wastes that aims to reduce CO2 emissions. On the other hand, the economic motivation, which stems from the reduction of costs sustained by the operators to keep the network up and running at the desired service level and their need to counterbalance ever-increasing cost of energy [].
A conclusion that energy efficiency investment offers a high payoff in induced jobs and is generally the least cost and often the most readily implementable approach and that more energy efficiency can diminish the need for both additional fossil fuel plants and new renewable energy sources is presented by [].
A study presented by [] concludes that conventional energy efficiency technologies can be used to decrease energy use in new commercial buildings by 2030% on average and up to over 40% for some building types and locations.
An application of enterprise energy monitoring system which is based on IoT (Internet of Things) architecture and incorporates several technologies, such as digital instrumentation, communications networks, centralized management, decentralized control and remote monitoring is proposed by [].
A study proposed by [] concludes that even the most advanced performance monitoring tool needs motivated end-users, who, supported by proper energy awareness services, will make energy efficient decisions and change established operational procedures and routines.
Another important application of energy monitoring based in IoT stands for a supervising system for solar photovoltaic power generation that can greatly enhance the performance, monitoring and maintenance of the plant that is presented by [].
A real-time energy consumption monitoring system was presented for large public buildings, which is beneficial for energy saving and helps to establish the building energy consumption performance evaluation is proposed by [].
A real-time, low-cost, wireless AC monitoring system based on ATmega 328P-PU microcontroller that is capable of acquisition and processing of the data measured by smart meter is proposed by [].
This paper describes the iPlug system, developed by the authors, which aims to ensure, autonomously, accurately and simultaneously, the energy consumption monitoring of electrical devices. The system consists on a low cost energy monitoring system based on IoT, developed using Arduino, ESP8266 module for Wi-Fi connection to the Internet and micro sensors, for storage and availability of monitoring data on a Web portal in real time. This system is capable to monitor the power consumption of the devices connected to it considering the current consumed by the equipment and the mains voltage. The equipments power consumption data can be accessed via Web portal ( iPlug Web) or mobile application ( iPlug Mobile) but is also possible to connect and disconnect the electrical equipment by sending ON/OFF commands remotely. Monitoring identifies energy waste points or excessive consumption of damaged devices. After monitoring of consumption the user can also proceed to the analysis in order to change behaviours that allow energy efficiency.
Technical Solution
The iPlug system is an automatic energy monitoring system that allows the user, such as the building manager, to know, in real time, the energy consumption of the electrical device connect to the system.
The data collected is store in a SQL SERVER database using Web services developed in ASP.NET C# and the end user can access the data from the Web portal iPlug Web built in the same technologies. After login, the end user can access the iPlug Web and get all the energy monitoring information but is also possible to turn ON or OFF the device connect to the system.
The monitoring data is shown as numeric values or in a chart form and this portal also allows the user to keep the parameters history. Providing a history of changes, the system helps the user to analyse precisely and detailed the use and consumption of electrical devices. This can give important data to decide on possible interventions to improve energy efficiency in the building.
The iPlug Web is also equipped with a powerful alerts manager that advises the user when a specific electrical device have a not normal energy consumption for that the user have to configure the electrical parameters of the electrical device that will be monitored.
The wireless communication is implemented using the ESP8266 module which implements the IEEE 802.11 b/g/n networking protocol a family of specifications developed by the IEEE for WLANs. The IEEE 802.11 standard supports radio transmission within the 2.4 GHz band [ schematically illustrates the system architecture used in the iPlug solution.
Fig 1 iPlug system architecture The iPlug hardware is built using the - photo 1
Fig. 1.
iPlug system architecture.
The iPlug hardware is built using the embedded Arduino UNO microcontroller, an open-source platform that incorporates an Atmel AVR microcontroller []. In order to improve system accuracy an electric circuit is designed to measure the supply voltage, which will be explained in detail later.
To control the electrical divide remotely the iPlug uses an electromechanical relay that allows to control devices with up to 10 A and 250 V [].
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