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Yao - XML JSON Programming, For Beginners, Learn Coding Fast!

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XML JSON
Programming
For Beginners
Learn Coding Fast!
Ray Yao
Copyright 2015 by Ray Yao
All Rights Reserved
Neither part of this book nor whole of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, photographic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior written permission from the author . All rights reserved !
Ray Yao
Preface
XML & JSON Programming covers all essential XML & JSON language knowledge . You can learn complete primary skills of XML & JSON programming fast and easily .
The book includes more than 60 practical examples for beginners and includes tests & answers for the college exam, the engineer certification exam, and the job interview exam .
Source Code for Download
https://forms.aweber.com/form/74/916542274.htm
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
XML Basic
What Is XML?
XML stands for eXtensible Markup Language, which describes web page contents in a structured format; it is a markup language using markup tags to store and pass data . XML is a kind of self-describing or self-defining code; the programmer must define his own tags to describe the data .
  • XML is the EXtensible Markup Language
  • XML is a markup language much like HTML
  • XML is designed to transmit data
  • XML is not designed to display data
  • XML tags are not predefined
  • XML needs you define your own tags
  • XML is designed to be self-descriptive
  • XML is recommended by W3C
Note:
Before you learn XML, you must have the knowledge of HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT .
What Is XML Used For?
XML is designed to transmit data and store data, instead of showing data .
Many practical web applications can be developed by XML, such as RSS, WSDL, RIA
(RSS is used to feed news, WSDL is used to describe a web service, RIA is used to employ Ajax techniques to deploy XML data . )
  • XML separates data from HTML
  • XML simplifies data sharing
  • XML improves data transfer
  • XML adapts to platform changes
  • XML data is available for a variety of reading devices
XML can be used in various Internet languages, such as RSS, WSDL, RIA, XHTML
XML Document
The document of XML looks like this:
.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
Smith
Male
987-6543-3210
Explanation:
.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> is an xml document identifier tag . The version of XML is 1 . 0 and encoding is UTF-8 which can show all languages .
, , , and are Xml markup tags, they are programmer-defined tags, instead of pre-defined tags like Html .
The XML document structure is just like a tree structure .
is a root element, which must exist in an XML document .
is a child element .
, , and are grandchild elements .
XML Elements
XML elements are any contents from the start tag to the end tag .
For example:
Smith is an XML element .
18 is an XML element
Smith is an XML element .
XML Tag
An XML tag is consisted of a pair of angle brackets and its contents .
For example:
is an XML tag .
is an XML tag .
is an XML tag .
What Editor Dose XML Uses?
We can use following editor:
Windows Notepad
XML Spy ( https://www . altova . com/download . html )
XML Pro ( http://vervet . com/xml-pro/ )
Note: This book uses Windows Notepad as XML Editor .
XML Vs . HTML
XML is designed to transport and store data
HTML is designed to display data
Run First XML Program
Open Windows Notepad, write following code in the editor:
Example 1.1
.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
Hello World!
Save the file as HelloWorld . xml, and double click the file, run the file with an IE browser or Firefox browser .
Output:
. 0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
- < myxml >
< greeting > Hello World! </</span> greeting >
</</span> myxml >
Explanation:
XML is designed to transmit data and store data, instead of showing data .
. 0" encoding="utf-8" ?> is an identifier tag of the xml document and specifies the Unicode character encodin g .
is a root element .
is a child element .
XML Comments
The symbol is used as xml comments . The browser parser always ignores the comments .
Example 1.2
.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> -- this is a xml identifier tag -->
Hello World!
Explanation:
is an xml comment .
is an xml comment .
XML Syntax Rules
1 .
XML element name can contain letters, number or underline .
For example: , ,
2 .
XML element name cannot start with number, punctuation, xml .
For example: The following elements are not correct .
<123telphone>,
6 .
Element name cannot contain any space .
For example: the following code is not correct .
7 . XML element name is case sensitive .
For example: the following code is not correct .
8 .
The XML declaration section needs to be placed on the first line of the document, as shown below:
For example: .0" encoding="utf-8"?>
XML Attribute
The XML attribute is used to provide more extra information .
Example 1.3
.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
id = "001" age = "20" > Information
Output:
. 0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-
< smith age ="" id =""> Information </</span> smith >
</</span> member >
Explanation:
id = "001" age = "20" are xml attributes and its values .
Elements Vs . Attributes
Please check the following examples:
Example 1.4
age ="18" >
Smith
Example 1.5
Smith
Explanation:
In example 1, the age is an attribute, its value is 18 .
In example 2, the age is an element .
Predefined Entity References
XML elements cannot contain any special symbols, such as &, >, * , , <, we need to use entity references to replace these symbols .
Symbols
Descriptions
Reference
<
less than
<
>
greater than
>
&
ampersand
&
'
apostrophe
'
"
quotation mark
"
For example:
if score > 98 then
if score > 98 then
Empty Tag
Syntax:
Empty tags do not contain any contents, but empty tags can contain the attributes .
Example 1.6
< user id = "001" />
< user age = "18" />
Smith
Smith
Explanation:
Empty tag starts with < and ends with />
Best Practices XML
XML with the right syntax is called " Best Practices XML
For example:
  • An XML document must have a root element
  • All XML elements must have a closing tag
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