Andrew Mallett - Mastering Linux Shell Scripting
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- Identify the high level steps such as verifying user input, using command lines and conditional statements in creating and executing simple shell scripts
- Create and edit dynamic shell scripts to manage complex and repetitive tasks
- Learn about scripting in Perl and programming in Python as a BASH scripting alternative with this practical, step-by-step guide
Shell scripting is a quick method to prototype a complex application or a problem by automating tasks when working on Linux-based systems. Using both simple one-line commands and command sequences complex problems can be solved with ease, from text processing to backing up sysadmin tools.
In this book, youll discover everything you need to know to master shell scripting and make informed choices about the elements you employ. Get to grips with the fundamentals of creating and running a script in normal mode, and in debug mode. Learn about various conditional statements code snippets, and realize the power of repetition and loops in your shell script. Implement functions and edit files using the Stream Editor, script in Perl, program in Python as well as complete coverage of other scripting languages to ensure you can choose the best tool for your project.
What you will learn- Use the type command to identify the order of command evaluation
- Create interactive scripts that prompt for user input
- Foster menu structures for operators with little command-line experience
- Develop scripts that dynamically edit web configuration files to produce a new virtual host
- Write scripts that use AWK to search and reports on log files
- Draft effective scripts using functions as building blocks, reducing maintenance and build time
- Make informed choices by comparing different script languages such as Perl and Python with BASH
Andrew Mallett is the owner of The Urban Penguin and is a comprehensive provider for professional Linux software development, training, and services. Having always been a command-line fan, he feels that so much time can be saved through knowing command-line shortcuts and scripting. TheUrbanPenguin YouTube channel, maintained by Andrew, has well over 800 videos to support this and he has authored four other Packt titles.
Table of Contents- What and Why of Scripting with Bash
- Creating Interactive Scripts
- Conditions Attached
- Creating Code Snippets
- Alternative Syntax
- Iterating with Loops
- Creating Building Blocks with Functions
- Introducing sed
- Automating Apache Virtual Hosts
- Awk Fundamentals
- Summarizing Logs with Awk
- A Better lastlog with Awk
- Using Perl as a Bash Scripting Alternative
- Using Python as a Bash Scripting Alternative
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Copyright 2015 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: December 2015
Production reference: 1171215
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
Livery Place
35 Livery Street
Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN 978-1-78439-697-8
www.packtpub.com
Author
Andrew Mallett
Reviewer
Peter Ducai
Commissioning Editor
Kartikey Pandey
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Cover Work
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Andrew Mallett is the owner of The Urban Penguin and is a comprehensive provider for professional Linux software development, training, and services. Having always been a command-line fan, he feels that so much time can be saved through knowing command-line shortcuts and scripting. TheUrbanPenguin YouTube channel, maintained by Andrew, has well over 800 videos to support this and he has authored four other Packt titles.
Peter Ducai has worked for more than 15 years within the IT industry, which includes programming in C, Java, Python, administration, and troubleshooting OS (mainly Unix/Linux), and also testing and automation.
Currently working as a contractor for HP, he specializes in network automation.
He has worked on the book, Learning Embedded Linux Using the Yocto Project .
I want to thank Becca for making my busy life easier.
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Mastering Linux Shell Scripting will become your Bible and a handbook to create and edit bash shell scripts in Linux, OS X, or Unix. Starting with the fundamentals, we quickly move onto helping you create useful scripts with practical examples. In this way, your learning becomes effective and quick. With each chapter, we provide explanations of the code and code examples, so from a learning book this becomes a book that you can use as a ready reference, if you need to understand how to program a specific task.
, What and Why of Scripting with Bash , explains how to create and name scripts. Once you have the script created you can make it executable and welcome yourself to the world. If you have little or no knowledge of scripting then you can start here.
, Creating Interactive Scripts , covers the scripts we will need to work in a more flexible manner and accept arguments or even prompt the user for input during the script execution. I am sure that you have seen scripts similar to this asking for installation directories or server's tp connect to.
, Conditions Attached , covers the use of keywords, such as "if", and commands like "test". It tells us how we can start creating decision structures in the code and then prompt the user for input, if we have not provided arguments; otherwise, we can run silently.
, Creating Code Snippets , covers the vim text editor, which is very powerful and also syntax highlighting to help us edit the script. However, we can also read into files of the current script. In this way, we can create snippets of code to represent commonly used blocks.
, Alternative Syntax , tells us how we can abbreviate the test command to just a single [, we can also use [[ and (( depending on your needs.
, Iterating withLoops , covers how loops are also conditional statements. We can repeat a block of code while a condition is true or false. In this way, using for, while, or until we can have the script complete the repetitive code sequences.
, Creating Building Blockswith Functions , covers how functions can encapsulate the code that we need to repeat within the script. This can help with readability and how easy a script is to maintain.
, Introducing sed , the stream editor, tells us how sed can be used to edit files dynamically and implement it in scripts. In this chapter, we look at how to use and work with sed.
, AutomatingApache Virtual Hosts , covers the practical recipes that we can take away when we create a script to create virtual hosts on an Apache HTTPD server. We use sed within the scripts to edit the template used to define virtual hosts.
, Awk Fundamentals , looks at how we can start to process text date from the command line and using awk is another very powerful tool in Linux.
, Summarizing Logs with Awk , tells us about the first practical example we look at with awk, allowing us to process log files on the web server. It also looks at how to report the IP address that has access to the server most often, as well as, how many errors occur and of which type.
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