Michael Leidig - Top 10 Vienna
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- Book:Top 10 Vienna
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- Publisher:DK Eyewitness Travel
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- Year:2015
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Discover DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Top 10 Vienna
True to its name, this Top 10 guidebook covers all major sights and attractions in easy-to-use top 10 lists that help you plan the vacation thats right for you.
Dont miss destination highlights. Things to do and places to eat, drink, and shop by area. Free, color pull-out map (print edition), plus maps and photographs throughout. Walking tours and day-trip itineraries. Traveler tips and recommendations. Local drink and dining specialties to try. Museums, festivals, outdoor activities. Creative and quirky best-of lists and more. The perfect pocket-size travel companion: DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Top 10 Vienna
Recommended: For an in-depth guidebook to Austria, check out DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Austria, which offers the most complete cultural coverage of Austria; 3-D cross-section illustrations of major sights and attractions; thousands of photographs, illustrations, and maps; and more.
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Located in the heart of the city, the Stephansdom is Viennas most beloved landmark and Austrias finest Gothic edifice. The foundations of the original Romanesque church date back to 1147, but the earliest surviving features today are the 13th-century Giants Door (Riesentor) and the Heathen Towers (Heidentrme) on the west front. Various Habsburg rulers left their imprints by rebuilding the Gothic nave, the side chapels and the choir in the 14th and 15th centuries. The Steffl, as the cathedral is lovingly called by the Viennese, suffered severe damage from World War II bombings, but its rebuilding was a symbol of hope as the country emerged from the ashes of the conflict. 
Stephansplatz 01 515 52 3526 www.stephanskirche.at Open 6am10pm daily; guided tours 10:30am & 3pm MonSat (also JunSep: 7pm Sat), 3pm Sun & holidays Dis. access (ground floor only) Adm: South Tower 4; North Tower 5
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The two Romanesque Heathen Towers flanking the Giants Door, and two Gothic side chapels with filigree stone rose windows, are a spectacular welcome to the cathedral.
The main gate into the cathedral was named after a mammoths bone that was found on the site during construction works in the 15th century. It is decorated with Romanesque sculptures depicting Christ on Judgment Day between two angels.
The impressive roof is covered with almost 250,000 colourful tiles laid out in the Habsburg coat of arms a double-headed eagle wearing the emperors crown and the Golden Fleece. Originally constructed in 1490, the roof was restored after fire damage in World War II.
The North Tower, topped with a cupola, is home to the Pummerin". This bell, weighing nearly 20 tons, was cast from 100 cannonballs seized during the Turks failed siege of Vienna in 1683.
The Gothic main nave is covered by an impressive ribbed vault supported by tall pillars.
The beautiful Baroque high altar was created by the brothers Tobias and Johann Pock in 1641. The painting in the centre of the marble altar depicts the stoning of the cathedrals patron saint, St Stephan.
The famous Giant Organ, built in 1886, was destroyed during World War II. A large modern organ with 125 pipes was installed in the west choir in 1960.
When Emperor Karl VI closed the cathedral cemetery in 1732, a catacomb system was constructed to bury the citys dead. By the end of the 18th century, about 11,000 people were laid to rest in the catacombs. The centrepiece is the Dukes Crypt, which holds the remains of the Habsburgs.
The five colourful medieval windows behind the high altar tell biblical stories about the prophets and saints as well as the life and Passion of Jesus.
The main nave is dominated by soaring pillars, lavishly decorated with 77 clay and stone statues dating back to the 15th century.
Enter the cathedral through the Giants Door at the west front. The .
Tip: Although you have to climb 343 steps to reach the visitors platform in the South Tower, dont miss the stunning view across Viennas rooftops. An alternative is the elevator up to the North Tower.The lavishly decorated pulpit was created by Anton Pilgram, one of the craftsmen working on the cathedral, in 1510. Lizards and toads, symbolizing evil, crawl up the balustrade, but they are fought off by a dog, the symbol of good.
In this marvellous example of the Viennese late Gothic period, a sculpture of Master Pilgram himself leans out of an open window below the pulpit steps to inspect his work.
Another self-portrait of Master Pilgram that he included in his cathedral masterpiece can be seen at the base of the old organ. He is holding his tools a pair of compasses in his right hand and a set square in his left hand.
The richly decorated altar with four wings shows 72 saints and scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary. Carved and painted in 1447, it was originally used as a shrine for relics.
Friedrich III commissioned Niklas Gerhaert van Leyden to create for him a majestic raised tomb but it was only finished 20 years after the emperors death. Little carved monks along the sarcophagus pray for his soul.
Carved from red Salzburg marble, it took five years to finish this 14-sided basin. Its decorations show the seven holy sacraments, in the centre of which is Jesuss baptism.
The 16th-century stone canopy shelters an icon of the Madonna from the Hungarian village of Pocs. In the 17th century the story spread that tears ran down Marys cheeks and today people pray here for the sick to be healed.
The graceful statue of the Madonna and Child is said to have miraculously helped acquit a maid who had been wrongly accused of stealing valuables from her master.
Rudolf the Founder and his wife Katharina lie next to each other on their marble sarcophagus. The tomb was originally decorated with gold and precious jewels, and figures were placed in the little alcoves.
The gargoyles on the exterior roof of the cathedral are cast in the shape of dragons and other mythical animals in order to ward off evil.
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