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James L. Roberts - The grapes of wrath: notes

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title The Grapes of Wrath Notes Cliffs Notes On-- - photo 1
title The Grapes of Wrath Notes Cliffs Notes On-- author Carey - photo 2

title:The Grapes of Wrath : Notes Cliffs Notes On--
author:Carey, G. K.; Roberts, James Lamar
publisher:John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (US)
isbn10 | asin:
print isbn13:9780822005421
ebook isbn13:9780764572333
language:English
subjectSteinbeck, John,--1902-1968.--Grapes of wrath--Criticism and interpretation.
publication date:1965
lcc:
ddc:810.9
subject:Steinbeck, John,--1902-1968.--Grapes of wrath--Criticism and interpretation.
Page 1
The Grapes of Wrath
Notes
by
James L. Roberts, Ph.D.
Department of English
University of Nebraska
including
Life and Background
Introduction
General Plot Summary
List of Characters
Chapter Summaries and Commentaries
Notes on General Meaning and Style
Character Analysis
Examination Questions
Selected Bibliography
INCORPORATED LINCOLN NEBRASKA 68501 Page 2 Editor Gary - photo 3
INCORPORATED
LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 68501
Page 2
Editor
Gary Carey, M.A.
University of Colorado
Consulting Editor
James L. Roberts, Ph.D.
Department of English
University of Nebraska
ISBN 0-8220-0542-5 Copyright 1965 by Cliffs Notes, Inc. All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A.
1999 Printing
The Cliffs Notes logo, the names "Cliffs" and "Cliffs Notes," and the black and yellow diagonal-stripe cover design are all registered trademarks belonging to Cliffs Notes, Inc., and may not be used in whole or in part without written permission.
Cliffs Notes, Inc. Lincoln, Nebraska
Page 3
Contents
Life and Background
5
The Novel of Protest
6
General Plot Summary
9
Cast of Characters
11
Chapter Summaries and Commentaries
13
The General Meaning of The Grapes of Wrath
64
Style
65
Character Analyses
65
Suggested Examination Questions
72
Selected Bibliography
73

Page 5
Life and Background
John Steinbeck is the type of author who likes to know his material first hand. He is not content to narrate a story which has no basis in fact. Thus most of his works take place in California and deal with subjects which he thoroughly understands.
Steinbeck's father settled in California shortly after the American Civil War. John Steinbeck was born in Salinas on February 27, 1902. His mother was a school teacher in the public school in Salinas. Steinbeck grew up in this beautiful fertile California valley. From this valley, he found the materials for most of his novels. His imagination was kindled toward writing at a very early age partly because his mother, the school teacher, read to him from the famous literature of the world.
During his formative years, he played various sports in high school, worked at various jobs, and wandered around the country-side observing the phenomena of nature. He entered Stanford University in 1920, and even though he remained until 1925, he never graduated. In fact, he earned very few credits. He did, however, contribute some material to the Stanford literary magazine, both poems and short stories.
During his years at Stanford and immediately after his departure, Steinbeck worked at a variety of jobs. He went to New York in 1925, but found it unsuitable for his temperament. He returned to California, and between odd jobs, he began writing his novels. His first novel appeared in 1929.
In preparation for writing his novels, Steinbeck would often live, work and be with the people about whom he was to write. Thus, in preparation for writing The Grapes of Wrath, Steinbeck went to Oklahoma, joined some migrants and rode with them to California. Once in California, he stayed with these migrants,
Page 6
living with them in Hoovervilles, joining them in their search for work, and attempting as much as possible, to come to terms with these people's essential characteristics. Leaving them, he made several trips to various camps to observe first-hand the living and working conditions of these migrants. He wrote some short pieces for the San Francisco News in which he described the plight of these people, and pleaded for a more tolerant approach in the handling of these migrants. These articles, however, were not very effective. It was only when he molded his raw experiences into the form of a novel that effects were achieved.
For his total body of works, Mr. Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1962, the highest honor in the field of literature.
The Novel of Protest
Critical Acceptance
The Grapes of Wrath has most often been considered a novel of protest or a social document. When the novel first appeared, the public began to take sides over its value. It was seldom discussed as a work of art, but instead, the subject matter was debated as to whether the facts were falsified, and whether the situation could possibly be this bad. From the religious viewpoint, it was attacked as obscene. It never had a chance to be evaluated as a work of art.
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