Trevor Royle - Orde Wingate : a man of genius,1903-1944

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ORDE WINGATE

Orde Wingate: A Man of Genius, 19031944

This edition published in 2010 by Frontline Books, an imprint of
Pen and Sword Books Ltd., 47 Church Street, Barnsley,
S.Yorkshire, S70 2AS.

Visit us at www.frontline-books.com, email info@frontline-books.com
or write to us at the above address.

Copyright Trevor Royle, 1995
This edition Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 2010
Introduction copyright Andrew Roberts, 2010

The right of Trevor Royle to be identified as Author of this Work has been
asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

ISBN 978-1-84832-572-2

PUBLISHING HISTORY
Orde Wingate: Irregular Soldier was originally published in 1995
by Weidenfeld & Nicholson. This updated edition includes
a new introduction by Andrew Roberts.

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced
into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means
(electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without
the prior written permission of the publisher. Any person who does
any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable
to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

CIP data records for this title are available from the British Library.

Printed in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe

O R D E W I N G A T E

A Man of Genius, 19031944

TREVOR ROYLE

INTRODUCTION BY ANDREW ROBERTS

Contents

Illustrations

Between pages 116 and 117

Between pages 212 and 213

Photographic credits

1 Author and Wingate family

2 Imperial War Museum

3 Illustrated London News

No book of this kind could have been written without the active help of the Wingate family and I was indeed fortunate in the support and kindnesses offered to me. Lieutenant-Colonel Orde Jonathan Wingate not only allowed me to borrow his fathers personal papers over a lengthy period but he was also engagingly tolerant and understanding when faced by my many queries. I hope that this book has gone some way to repaying that interest and assistance.

Although Judy Wingate, widow of Granville Wingate, never knew her famous brother-in-law she was equally helpful and involved. I am grateful to her for allowing me to borrow many of her husbands papers and photographs and for commenting on the finished product. Also, I would indeed be blameworthy if I did not thank her for some splendid hospitality and for helping to make the research seem such fun.

Through her I was able to meet Enid Peggy Jelley who was engaged to Wingate in the early 1930s. Her frank comments provided me with a better understanding of the man and his mind and I cannot thank her enough for being so candid about her relationship with Wingate.

I would like to make special mention of three writers who agreed to read the manuscript before publication. Brigadier Shelford Bidwell, historian of the Chindit campaign and author of many fine military studies, discussed Wingate with me before I started writing and then read the result. His comments were both encouraging and instructive.

Equally helpful was Lieutenant-Colonel Rex King-Clark who gave me the benefit of his experiences with the Special Night Squads in Palestine and who cast his expert eye on the chapters dealing with those operations. I am also grateful to him for allowing me to quote extensively from his excellent autobiography, Free for a Blast.

Wingates friend and colleague Abraham Akavia was kind enough to read and comment upon the chapters relating to Palestine and Ethiopia. His help and advice were beneficial to my understanding of that period of Wingates life. Of course, I alone am responsible for any errors or misjudgements which remain in the text.

I am also indebted to Brigadier Michael Calvert, Michael Elliot-Bateman and the late Brigadier Peter Mead for providing me with some keen insights into the Chindit campaigns of 1943 and 1944. I am also grateful to Brigadier Calvert and his publisher Leo Cooper for allowing me to quote from his autobiography Prisoners of Hope.

Lord Weidenfeld kindly gave me the benefit of his personal knowledge of Wingates relationship with Chaim Weizmann and other personalities involved in the attempt to raise a Jewish fighting force during the Second World War. I am pleased to acknowledge his interest.

I was fortunate, too, in receiving help from the Chindits Old Comrades Association. Through the good offices of Lieutenant-Colonel J. C. White and Captain Baden K. Wilson I was provided with a copy of the appreciation of Wingates operations in Burma which contains much useful first-hand information about the two Chindit operations. It is indicative of the respect which Wingate commanded that so many Chindits were prepared to commit their thoughts to paper at a time when his reputation was under threat. Another former Chindit, Dr Leslie Wilson, provided me with some important clues about the circumstances surrounding Wingates attempted suicide in 1941.

For their help in interpreting the Jewish missionary work of the Church of Scotland and the Free Church of Scotland I wish to thank my old friend the Rev David Ogston, minister of the Parish Kirk of St John the Baptist, Perth, and Professor Alec Cheyne, late of the Chair of Church History in the University of Edinburgh.

The task of understanding Wingates career at Charterhouse and Woolwich was made easier by the assistance granted by Peter Attenborough and Shirley Corke, respectively Headmaster and Archivist of Charterhouse; Brigadier K. A. Timbers, Historical Secretary of the Royal Artillery Historical Trust; and Dr T. A. Heathcote, Curator, Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst. They all have my thanks.

Brigadier John Platt and Lord Margadale kindly answered my queries about the South and West Wilts Hunt and about the Larkhill garrisons links with the hunts in the area. I am grateful to them for their help.

Unravelling the events leading to Wingates death in March 1944 would have been made more difficult without the pioneering work undertaken by Dennis Hawley. He kindly made an extended loan of his research papers and gave me early sight of his book, The Death of Wingate.

I also want to thank the following members of the Sudan Defence Force Dinner Club who responded to my requests for information about Wingates posting in the Sudan: Duncan Campbell, Sir Douglas Dodds-Parker, W. L. Newell, Harold Skeeles.

For their professional help, advice and guidance I wish to thank the staffs of the Imperial War Museum Library, London; the John Rylands Library, University of Manchester; the National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh; and the Public Record Office, Kew I also wish to thank Jane Hogan, Assistant Keeper (Archives and Special Collections) at the University of Durham, for guiding me through the Librarys Sudan Archive and Dr Peter Boyden, Head of the Department of Archives at the National Army Museum, for his help with various aspects of the military careers of George and Orde Wingate.

Crown copyright material in the Public Record Office is reproduced by permission of the Controller of Her Majestys Stationery Office.

Extracts from the interviews in the Middle East: British Military Personnel

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