Ruth Putnam - Charles the Bold, Last Duke of Burgundy, 1433-1477

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CHARLES THE BOLD

LAST DUKE OF BURGUNDY

1433-1477

BY

RUTH PUTNAM

AUTHOR OF "WILLIAM THE SILENT," "A MEDIVAL PRINCESS," ETC.

---

G.P. PUTNAM'S SONS

NEW YORK AND LONDON

The Knickerbocker Press
1908

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COPYRIGHT 1908,

BY

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

The Knickerbocker Press, New York

[plate 1]

CHARLES THE BOLD, DUKE OF BURGUNDY

PREFACE

The admission of Charles, Duke of Burgundy into the series of Heroes of the Nations, is justified by his relation to events rather than by his national or his heroic qualities. "Il n'avait pas assez de sens ni de malice pour conduire ses entreprises," is one phrase of Philip de Commines in regard to the master he had once served. Render sens by genius and malice by diplomacy and the words are not far wrong. Yet in spite of the failure to obtain either a kingly or an imperial crown, the story of those same unaccomplished enterprises contains the germs of much that has happened later in the borderlands of France and Germany where the projected "middle kingdom" might have been erected. A sketch of the duke's character with its traits of ambition and shortcomings may therefore be placed, not unfitly, among the pen portraits of individuals who have attempted to change the map of Europe.

The materials for an exhaustive study of the times, and of the participants in the scenes thereof, are almost overwhelming in quantity. Into this narrative, I have woven the words of contemporaries when these related what they saw and thought, or at least what they said they saw or thought, about events passing within their sight or their ken. The veracity attained is only that of a mosaic of bits, each with its morsel of truth. And the rim in which these bits are set is too slender to contain all the illumination necessary. The narrative is, of necessity, partial and fragmentary, for a complete story would require a series of biographies presented in parallel columns. My own preliminary chapter to this booka mere explanation of the presence of the dukes of Burgundy in the Netherlandsgrew into an account of a sovereign whom they deposed and was published under the title of A Medival Princess.

John Foster Kirk gave 1713 pages to his record of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy. Forty years have elapsed since that publication appeared and a mass of interesting material pertinent to the subject has been given out to the public, while separate phases of it have been minutely discussed by competent critics, so that at every point there is new temptation for the biographer to expand the theme where the scope of his work demands brevity.

In using the later fruit of historical investigation, it is delightful for an American to find that scholars of all nations do justice to Mr. Kirk's accuracy and industry even when they may differ from his conclusions. It has been my privilege to be permitted free access to this scholar's collection of books, and I would here express my deep gratitude to the Kirk family for their generosity and courtesy towards me.

After some preliminary reading at Brussels and Paris and in England, the work for this volume has been completed in America, where the opportunity of securing the latest results of research and criticism is constantly increasing, although these results are still lodged under many roofs. I have had many reasons to thank the librarians of New York, Boston, and Washington, and also those of Harvard, Columbia, and Cornell universities for courtesies and for serviceable aid; and just as many reasons to regret the meagreness of what can be put between two covers as the gleanings from so rich a harvest.

One word further in explanation of the use of Bold. The adjective has been retained simply because it has been so long identified with Charles in English usage. I should have preferred the word Rash as a better equivalent for the contemporary term, applied to the duke in his lifetime,le tmraire.

R.P.
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1908.

---

CONTENTS

CHILDHOOD	PAGE 1
YOUTH	24
THE FEAST OF THE PHEASANT	45
BURGUNDY AND FRANCE	67
THE COUNT AND THE DAUPHIN	86
THE WAR OF PUBLIC WEAL	109
LIEGE AND ITS FATE	130
THE NEW DUKE	154
THE UNJOYOUS ENTRY	170
THE DUKE'S MARRIAGE	183
THE MEETING AT PERONNE	197
AN EASY VICTORY	227
A NEW ACQUISITION	244
ENGLISH AFFAIRS	261
NEGOTIATIONS AND TREACHERY	293
GUELDERS	320
THE MEETING AT TRVES	339
COLOGNE, LORRAINE, AND ALSACE	362
THE FIRST REVERSES	382
THE CAMPAIGNS OF 1475 AND 1476	402
THE BATTLE OF NANCY	427
	463
	469

decorative panel

ILLUSTRATIONS

From MS. statute book of the Order of the Golden Fleece at Vienna. The artist is unknown. Date of the codex is between 1518 and 1565. This portrait is possibly redrawn from that attributed to Roger van der Weyden. That, however, shows a much stronger face.	PAGE Frontispiece
From a reproduction of a miniature in MS. at Brussels.	4
From a contemporary miniature reproduced in Petit's Hist. de Bourgogne.	16
From a reproduction of part of a miniature in a beautiful MS. copy in Brussels Library of Jacques de Guise's Annales. The author is depicted presenting his book to the duke, who is attended by his son and his courtiers. The miniature is attributed by turns to Roger van der Weyden, to Guillaume Wijelant or Vrelant, and to Hans Memling.	18
From Petit's Hist. de Bourgogne.	24
	31
From reproduction of a miniature in Barante, Les ducs de Bourgogne.	46
	68
From an engraving by A. Boilly after a drawing by G. Boilly.	84
From a drawing in a MS. at Arras.	101
From a contemporary miniature reproduced in Comines-Lenglet.	124
From a contemporary miniature reproduced in Comines-Lenglet.	128
After Hans Memling, Dresden Gallery.	150
From reproduction of a miniature in MS. at Brussels.	189
	210
From sketch in MS. at Arras reproduced in Mmoires couronns de l'acad. royale de Belgique, xlix.	232
From a contemporary miniature reproduced in Barante,

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