Meredith Bagby - The New Guys: The Historic Class of Astronauts That Broke Barriers and Changed the Face of Space Travel
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- Book:The New Guys: The Historic Class of Astronauts That Broke Barriers and Changed the Face of Space Travel
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The New Guys: The Historic Class of Astronauts That Broke Barriers and Changed the Face of Space Travel: summary, description and annotation
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The never-before-told story of NASAs 1978 astronaut class, which included the first American women, the first African Americans, the first Asian American, and the first gay person to fly to space. With the exclusive participation of the astronauts who were there, this is the thrilling, behind-the-scenes saga of a new generation that transformed space exploration
The story of NASAs Astronaut Class 8, or The F*cking New Guys, as their military predecessors nicknamed them, is an unprecedented look at these extraordinary explorers who broke barriers and blasted through glass ceilings. Egos clashed, ambitions flared, and romances bloomed as the New Guys competed with one another and navigated the cutthroat internal politics at NASA for a chance to rocket to the stars.
Marking a departure from the iconic military test pilots who had dominated the space program since its inception, the New Guys arrived at the dawn of a new era of space flight. Teardrop-shaped space capsules from Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo gave way to the space shuttle, a revolutionary space plane capable of launching like a rocket, hauling cargo like a truck, and landing back on Earth like an airliner. They mastered this new machine from its dangerous first test flights to its greatest achievements: launching hundreds of satellites, building the International Space Station, and deploying the Hubble Space Telescope.
The New Guys depicts these charismatic young astronauts and the exuberant social and scientific progress of the space shuttle program against the efforts of NASA officials who struggled to meet Americas military demands and commercial aspirations. When NASA was pressured to fly more often and at greater risk, lives were lost in the programs two biggest disasters: Challenger (1986) and Columbia (2003).
Caught in the crosshairs of this battle are the shuttle astronauts who gave their lives in those catastrophes, and who gave their lives work pursuing a more equitable future in space for all humankind. Through it all they became friends, rivals, lovers, and ultimately, family.
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This work is dedicated to all those NASA astronauts, engineers, managers, and administrative staff who put their hearts and souls into the space shuttle program, some of whom made the ultimate sacrifice to further our understanding of the universe.
The spirit of this book belongs to my mom and dad, who, on nights when I could not sleep, took me outside to see the moonassuring me the universe was a wide and wondrous placeand to my loved ones today who remind me to look up at it still.
Non est ad astra mollis e terris via.
There is no easy way from the earth to the stars.
Lucius Annaeus Seneca
THE NEW GUYS
Guion Guy Bluford Jr.
An aerospace engineer and US Air Force fighter pilot, he was the first African American to space, flying four space shuttle missions.
Anna Lee Fisher
A physician, she was the first mother and the fourth American woman to space. She married Group 9 astronaut Bill Fisher and served as chief of the Astronaut Offices space station branch.
Robert Hoot Gibson
A US Navy fighter pilot, he flew on five space shuttle missions, married fellow New Guy Rhea Seddon in 1981, and served as chief of the Astronaut Office and the deputy director of flight crew operations.
Frederick Fred Gregory
A US Air Force fighter and helicopter pilot, he was the first African American to pilot, and later command, the space shuttle. He became the first African American deputy administrator in the agencys history.
Steven Steve Hawley
A PhD in astronomy and astrophysics, he flew five space shuttle missions, married fellow New Guy Sally Ride, and served as deputy chief of the Astronaut Office.
Shannon Lucid
A PhD in biochemistry, she was the sixth American woman to space, flew five space shuttle missions, and held the record for most flight hours in orbit by any woman in the world until June 2007.
Ronald Ron McNair
A PhD in physics, he was the second African American to space and was tragically killed in the Challenger disaster.
Ellison El Onizuka
A US Air Force flight test engineer and test pilot, he was the first Asian American to space and was tragically killed in the Challenger disaster.
Judith Judy Resnik
A PhD in electrical engineering, she was the second American woman and the first Jewish astronaut to space and was tragically killed in the Challenger disaster.
Sally Ride
A PhD in physics, she was the first American woman to space, married fellow New Guy Steve Hawley, and served on the Rogers Commission, investigating the Challenger accident.
Margaret Rhea Seddon
A surgeon, she was the fifth American woman to space, flew on three space shuttle missions, and married fellow New Guy Hoot Gibson.
Kathryn Kathy Sullivan
A PhD in geology, she was the third American woman to space and the first American woman to perform a spacewalk.
FELLOW ASTRONAUTS
James Jim Bagian
A physician and Air Force flight surgeon, he became a NASA astronaut in 1980 and played a key role in Challengers recovery.
Robert Crip Crippen
A US Navy pilot who became a NASA astronaut in 1969, he was the first pilot of the space shuttle, led the recovery effort following the Challenger disaster, and was the director of the space shuttle program at NASA Headquarters.
William Bill Fisher
A physician and member of the 1980 astronaut class, he was married to New Guy Anna Lee Fisher.
John Young
A US Navy pilot and Apollo astronaut, he flew in space six times and was the first commander of the space shuttle and chief of the Astronaut Office from 1974 to 1987.
NASA BRASS
George Abbey
A US Air Force captain assigned to NASA in 1964 during the Apollo program, he was rejected from the astronaut corps in 1965 but went on to serve as director of flight operations at Johnson Space Center, selecting the first class of space shuttle astronautsthe New Guys.
James Beggs
A former business executive who served as the sixth administrator of NASA from 1981 to 1986.
Carolyn Huntoon
A PhD in physiology who joined NASA in 1970, she was the head of the Endocrine and Biochemistry Laboratories at Johnson Space Center, the only woman on the Group 8 astronaut selection board in 1978, and the first woman director of Johnson Space Center.
Christopher Kraft
The legendary NASA flight director who helped create Houstons Mission Control, he served as director of Johnson Space Center from 1972 to 1982.
Washington, DC. Spring 1977.
J udy Resnik clicked her way up Independence Avenue with the Washington Monument behind her and the Capitol building in her sights. A breeze swept over the Tidal Basin, edging cherry blossoms off their branches, creating a flurry of white and pink petals. It was spring and the air carried a cool dewiness that she associated with beginnings.
A spirited, twenty-eight-year-old electrical engineer with a newly minted PhD, Judy had secured a plum job studying lasers at the Xerox Corporation in El Segundo, California. She was scheduled to start work later that fall, but today she was thinking of tossing that very well-honed future away.
A few weeks earlier, Judy had heard a story on the radio: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was, for the first time ever, recruiting women and minorities to become astronauts in its new space shuttle program. Since the dawn of the agency, NASA had culled its astronauts exclusively from the ranks of white, male military pilots. During the Apollo era, the astronaut corps relaxed its requirements to include civilians, but there had never been a female or minority astronaut. Now NASA was creating a new rolemission specialistfor the shuttle. Larger than previous spacecraft, the shuttle was designed to carry seven passengers, leaving plenty of room for scientists, not just pilots, to journey to space. Citizens with strong backgrounds in scientific fields, including engineers and medical doctors, were encouraged to apply. The ad piqued Judys interest, then slowly began to consume her thoughts.
Judy worked all angles to make herself an exceptional candidate. Standing five feet, four inches with dark wavy hair and a cherubic face, the Akron, Ohio, native had never been much of an athlete.
Judy, with help from her ex-boyfriend Len Nahmi, found and read everything she could on NASA, including astronaut Michael Collinss autobiography, Carrying the Fire. Collins had flown the Apollo 11 command module Columbia around the moon in 1969 while his crewmates, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, made their first landing on the lunar surface. His book detailed his experiences at NASA in the Gemini program through his time on Apollo and provided insight on how NASA chose its astronauts. Who better to give Judy tips on her NASA application or the selection process?
As Judy passed the verdant National Mall, the government buildings, and the war monuments, she made her way toward her destination: the National Air and Space Museum. Gerald Ford, in one of the last acts of his short presidency, cut the red ribbon on the new museum a year earlier. Collins was now spending his days as the director of the museum, archiving his predecessors and his own contributions to space exploration.
Here, a continuum of hangars housed the worlds largest collection of aircraft and spacecraft. Exterior bays, surfaced with pink Tennessee marble, flanked a mighty all-glass atrium.
In the atrium, Judy came face-to-face with the 1903 Wright Flyer, the first successful powered plane to ever leave Earths surface. On December 17, 1903, Orville Wright traveled a triumphant 120 feet, staying airborne for twelve glorious seconds on the dunes of Kitty Hawk, as his brother Wilbur ran beside him, marking the beginning of human aviation. Considered hobbyists at the time, the two young men wrote to the Smithsonian for any and all information on manned flight, obtaining technical papers on Samuel Langleys Aerodromes and Otto Lilienthals German hang gliders. Among other documents they studied were pages from Leonardo da Vincis
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