Terry W. Campbell - Clinical Cases in Avian and Exotic Animal Hematology and Cytology

Edition first published 2010
2010 Terry W. Campbell and Krystan R. Grant

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Campbell,TerryW.,1949

Clinical cases in avian and exotic animal hematology and cytology / Terry W. Campbell and Krystan R. Grant.

p.; cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Summary: Clinical Cases in Avian and Exotic Animal Hematology and Cytology demonstrates howto use hemic cytology and cytodiagnosis as partof the assessment of an exotic animal patient. The clinical case presentation uses a hands-on, practical approach to facilitate learning, teaching, and comprehension. Well-illustrated throughout, each case presents the signalment, history, and physical exam findings. It then moves on to interpretive discussion and summarizes how to use the techniques in clinical practice. This book serves as a helpful guide for exotics veterinarians, zoo and aquarium veterinarians, and veterinary hematologists-Provided by publisher.

ISBN 978-0-8138-1661-6 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Veterinary hematology-Case studies. 2. Veterinary cytology-Case studies.

3. Birds-Diseases-Diagnosis-Case studies. 4. Exotic animals-Diseases-Diagnosis-Case studies. I. Grant, Krystan R. II. Title.

[DNLM: 1. Animal Diseases-diagnosis-Case Reports. 2. Animal Diseases-therapy-Case Reports. 3. Cytodiagnosis-veterinary-Case Reports.

4. Hematologic Tests-veterinary-Case Reports. SF 771 C174c 2010]

SF769.5.C36 2010

636.089'615-dc22

2009045135

A catalog record for this book is available from the U.S. Library ofCongress.

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1 2010

PREFACE

This book provides representative examples of hematology and cytology cases encountered in exotic animal practice. Cases in the book were selected based on the important role of cytodiagnosis or hematology in the medical management of the exotic animal patient. The cases in the book offer a variety of hematologic and cytodiagnostic interpretations.

Cases representing animals with anemia include blood loss, hemolytic, iron deficiency, Heinz body, and nonregenerative anemia. An example of polycythemia as well as the effects of lead toxicosis on the hemogram is provided. A variety of abnormal leukograms, such as leukocytosis, leukopenia, leukemia, and stress responses, are represented in the text. Representations of normal and abnormal hemic cytologies are provided. These include normal hemic cells, toxic neutrophils and heterophils, left shifts, and leukemia. Blood parasites, such as Leukocytozoon, Hemoproteus, Plasmodium,and Hemogregarine, and bacteremia are also represented.

Example cases of the basic cytodiagnosis interpretations are also represented. These include normal cytology, inflammation, hyperplasia or benign neoplasia, and malignant neoplasia. Inflammatory lesions are represented by neutrophilic or heterophilic, mixed cell, macrophagic, and eosinophilic inflammation. Along with these inflammatory lesions, a specific etiologic agent, such as bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal, viral, parasitic, or foreign body, is represented. Tissue hy-perplasia or benign neoplasia is represented by epithelial hyperplasia, papilloma, adenoma, lipoma, mast cell tumor, and chondroma. Representations of malignant neoplasia include carcinomas, such as undifferentiated carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma; sarcomas, such as undifferentiated soft tissue sarcoma, liposarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, and malignant melanoma; and discrete cell neoplasms, such lym-phoma, histiocytoma, and mast cell tumor.

Effusions are also represented. These include tran-sudate, modified transudate, exudate, and hemorrhagic effusion. Examples of specific fluid analysis include synovial fluid, such as articular gout and synovial cysts, and a salivary mucocele.

Guideline for Using the Clinical Cases Presented in this Book

This book is offered as a companion to TW Campbell and CK Ellis, Avian and Exotic Animal Hematol-ogy and Cytology, Ames, Iowa, Blackwell Publishing, 2007, and is designed to assess one's level of knowledge in the use of hematology and cytology in the diagnosis of health disorders involving exotic animal patients. The clinical cases presented were obtained from animal medical records, and each was chosen for its relevant hematology or cytology data. Although not a focus of the book, other clinical data, such as serum or plasma biochemistry profiles (presented in conventional units), imaging, and histology, are also presented with some case studies. Veterinarians, veterinary students, and veterinary technicians in clinical practice will find this additional information useful as an example of how each case was managed medically or surgically. Veterinary clinical pathologists and laboratory technicians will also find this added information beneficial in providing a complete overview of each case. Often the pathologist and laboratory technicians are exposed to only a small part of the clinical cases that they help to manage. Overall, this book is designed to test one's skills in the interpretation of laboratory data and cytology with the added benefit of providing self-assessment material for all aspects in the management of the exotic animal patient.