Oh, Christ! It is a goodly sight to see
What Heaven hath done for this delicious land:
What fruits of fragrance blush on every tree!
What goodly prospects oer the hills expand!
But man would mar them with an impious hand:
And when the Almighty lifts his fiercest scourge
Gainst those who most transgress his high command,
With treble vengeance will his hot shafts urge
Gauls locust host, and earth from fellest foemen purge.
George Byron, Childe Harolds Pilgrimage
George Byron, The Complete Poetical Works of Lord Byron, 3 vols (London, George Routledge and Sons, 1886), Vol. 1, p. 261. This quotation is verse XV from Byrons epic Childe Harolds Pilgrimage.
First published in Great Britain in 2016 by
Pen & Sword Military
an imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
47 Church Street
Barnsley
South Yorkshire
S70 2AS
Copyright David Buttery 2016
ISBN: 978 1 47382 143 9
PDF ISBN: 978 1 47387 516 6
EPUB ISBN: 978 1 47387 515 9
PRC ISBN: 978 1 47387 514 2
The right of David Buttery to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing.
Typeset in Ehrhardt by
Mac Style Ltd, Bridlington, East Yorkshire
Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd,
Croydon, CRO 4YY
Pen & Sword Books Ltd incorporates the imprints of Pen & Sword Archaeology, Atlas, Aviation, Battleground, Discovery, Family History, History, Maritime, Military, Naval, Politics, Railways, Select, Transport, True Crime, and Fiction, Frontline Books, Leo Cooper, Praetorian Press, Seaforth Publishing and Wharncliffe.
For a complete list of Pen & Sword titles please contact
PEN & SWORD BOOKS LIMITED
47 Church Street, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, S70 2AS, England
E-mail:
Website: www.pen-and-sword.co.uk
Contents
List of Plates
Maps
Portugal, 1809.
Second Invasion of Portugal, FebruaryMarch 1809.
The Allied March North.
The Passage of the Douro, 12 May 1809.
Soults Retreat.
Chronology
1769 | 29 March | Birth of Jean de Dieu Soult (at St-Amans-Labastide, Tarn) |
1 May | Birth of Arthur Wesley (later Wellesley) |
15 August | Birth of Napoleon Buonaparte (surname spelling later changed) |
1781 | Death of Lord Mornington |
Wesley enters Eton |
1785 | 16 April | Soult enlists in Rgiment Royal Infanterie |
1787 | 7 March | Wesley joins the army as an ensign |
13 June | Soult promoted corporal |
25 December | Wesley promoted lieutenant |
1790 | 30 June | Wesley becomes MP for Country Trim, Ireland |
1791 | 31 March | Soult promoted corporal fourrier (Quartermaster) |
30 June | Wesley promoted captain |
1 July | Soult promoted sergeant |
1792 | 17 January | Soult elected drill instructor |
20 April | France declares war on Austria and Sardinia |
21 September | Establishment of the National Convention Government |
22 September | French monarchy abolished |
1793 | 21 January | Louis XVI executed |
31 May | Reign of Terror begins |
7 September | Siege of Toulon begins |
30 September | Wesley promoted lieutenant colonel |
16 October | Execution of Marie-Antoinette |
19 November | Soult promoted to captain on General Taponiers staff |
18 December | Toulon falls |
1794 | 4 March | Bonaparte takes command of the artillery in the Army of Italy |
25 June | Jourdan defeats the Austrians at Fleurus (Soult present) |
June | Soult commands a brigade in lArme de Sambre et Meuse |
27 July | Coups dtat of 9 Thermidor fall of Robespierre |
21 September | Battle of Dego |
1795 | 5 April | Peace of Ble between France and Prussia |
45 October | Coups dtat of 13 Vendmaire (whiff of grapeshot) |
1 November | The Directory replaces the Convention government |
1796 | 2 March | Bonaparte appointed commander of the Army of Italy |
26 April | Soult marries Louise Berg at Solingen |
3 May | Wesley promoted full colonel |
1797 | 14 January | Battle of Rivoli |
2 February | Surrender of Mantua |
4 September | Coups dtat of 18 Fructidor |
17 October | Treaty of Campo-Formio between France and Austria |
1798 | 215 March | Soult serves at Stockach |
21 April | Soult promoted gnral de division |
19 May | Bonaparte sails for Egypt |
Soult fights at Ostend in Championnets division |
29 December | Second Coalition against France |
1799 | 25 March | Austrians defeat Jourdan at Stockach |
4 May | Seringapatam falls |
Wellesley appointed Governor of Mysore |
JuneSeptember | Soult serves under Massena |
4 June | First Battle of Zrich |
1719 June | Battle of the Trebbia |
18 June | Coups dtat of 30 Prairial |
15 August | Battle of Novi |
Next page