Toland - Infamy: pearl harbor and its aftermath

A N A NCHOR B OOK
PUBLISHED BY DOUBLEDAY
a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.
666 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10103

A NCHOR B OOKS , D OUBLEDAY , and the portrayal of an anchor are trademarks of Doubleday, a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.

Infamy: Pearl Harbor and Its Aftermath was originally published in hardcover by Doubleday in 1982. The Anchor Books edition is published by arrangement with Berkley.

MAPS BY RAFAEL PALACIOS

Memoirs of Admiral Thomas C. Hart, Admiral H. Kent Hewitt and Frances Perkins at the Oral History Research Office, Columbia University, by permission of the Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York, 1972.

No copyright is claimed on material used from U.S. Navy Department records.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Toland, John.
Infamy : Pearl Harbor and its aftermath / John Toland.1st
Anchor Books ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Pearl Harbor (Hawaii), Attack on, 1941. I. Title
D767.92.T63 1992
940.5426dc20 91-41304
CIP

eBook ISBN: 978-1-101-87284-0
ISBN 0-385-42051-X
Copyright 1982 by John Toland
Postscript copyright 1983 by John Toland
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

v3.1_r1

To the Victims of Pearl Harbor

BEFORE PEARL HARBOR

Washington

Franklin Delano Roosevelt, President of the United States

Cordell Hull, Secretary of State

Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of War

Frank Knox, Secretary of the Navy

Harry Hopkins, the Presidents adviser and confidant

Harold L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior

Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor

Admiral Kichisaburo Nomura, Japanese ambassador

Saburo Kurusu, Japanese special envoy

Captain Johan E. M. Ranneft, Netherlands naval attach

Colonel F. G. L. Weijerman, Netherlands military attach

Dr. Alexander Loudon, Netherlands minister

U. S. Navy Department

Admiral Harold R. Stark, Chief of Naval Operations

Rear Admiral Royal E. Ingersoll, Assistant Chief, Naval Operations

Rear Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, Chief, War Plans Division

Rear Admiral Leigh Noyes, Chief, Communications Division

Commander Laurance Safford, Chief, Security Intelligence Communications (Op-20-G)

Rear Admiral Theodore Stark Wilkinson, Chief, Intelligence Division, Office of Naval Intelligence (O.N.I.)

Lieutenant Commander Alwin Kramer, Chief, Translation Section, O.N.I. (attached to Op-20-G)

Commander Arthur H. McCollum, Chief, Far Eastern Section, O.N.I.

Captain John Beardall, White House naval aide

Lieutenant Lester Robert Schulz, assistant to Beardall as White House communications duty officer

War Department

General George Catlett Marshall, Chief of Staff

Major General H. H. Arnold, Deputy Chief of Staff for Air

Colonel Walter Bedell Smith, Secretary, General Staff

Brigadier General Leonard T. Gerow, Chief, War Plans Division

Brigadier General Sherman Miles, Chief of Intelligence (G-2)

Colonel Rufus S. Bratton, head, Far Eastern Section (G-2)

Colonel Otis K. Sadtler, Signal Corps, operations officer

William F. Friedman, chief cryptographer, Signal Intelligence Service (S.I.S.)

Honolulu

Robert L. Shivers, agent in charge, F.B.I.

Lieutenant John A. Burns, head, Honolulu Police Espionage Bureau

Nagao Kita, Japanese consul general

Ensign Takeo Yoshikawa, Japanese naval spy

Hawaiian Department

Lieutenant General Walter C. Short, Commanding General

United States Pacific Fleet

Admiral Husband. E. Kimmel, Commander in Chief

Lieutenant Commander Edwin T. Layton, fleet intelligence officer

Fourteenth Naval District (Pearl Harbor)

Rear Admiral Claude C. Bloch, Commandant

Lieutenant Commander Joseph J. Rochefort, Communications Security Unit

San Francisco

Captain Richard T. McCollough, Chief, Intelligence, Twelfth Naval District

Lieutenant Ellsworth A. Hosner, an assistant

Seaman First Class Z, Hosners assistant

Station M: The U. S. Navys East Coast Intercept Installation

Ralph T. Briggs, one of the qualified operators assigned to monitor Japanese intercepts

Chief Radioman DW, his superior

Java

General Hein Ter Poorten, Commander in Chief, Netherlands East Indies Army

Dr. Walter Foote, U.S. consul general

Brigadier General Elliott Thorpe, U.S. military observer

Others

Admiral James O. Richardson, Kimmels predecessor

Dusko Popov, British double agent, code-named Tricycle

Kilsoo Haan, agent for the Sino-Korean Peoples League

Major Warren J. Clear, U. S. Army intelligence agent in the Far East

Captain and Mrs. Harold D. Krick, close friends of Admiral Stark

Tyler Gatewood Kent, code clerk at the U. S. Embassy, London

Dr. Henry Field, special assistant to President Roosevelt

C. A. Berndtson, Commodore of the Matson Fleet and commander of the S.S. Lurline

Rudy Asplund, chief radio operator, Lurline

Leslie E. Grogan, first assistant radio operator, Lurline

AFTER PEARL HARBOR

Admiral Ernest J. King, Starks successor and Commander in Chief of the U. S. Fleets

Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Kimmels successor

James V. Forrestal, Knoxs successor

Harry S. Truman, Roosevelts successor

Thomas K. Kimmel, Kimmels son

Edward Kimmel, Kimmels son

Manning Kimmel, Kimmels son

Charles B. Rugg, Kimmels chief counsel

Lieutenant Edward B. Hanify, USNR, Kimmels assistant counsel

Captain Robert A. Lavender, U. S. Navy, Retired, Kimmels assistant counsel

Admiral Thomas Hart, U. S. Navy, Retired, Starks counsel

Lieutenant David W. Richmond, USNR, Starks assistant counsel

Captain Robert Diggs, Marshalls counsel

Percy L. Greaves, Jr., chief of minority staff during Joint Committee hearings

The Nine Investigations

Associate Justice Owen J. Roberts, U. S. Supreme Court, Chairman

Admiral William H. Standley, U. S. Navy, Retired, member

Rear Admiral Joseph M. Reeves, U. S. Navy, Retired, member

Major General Frank R. McCoy, U. S. Army, Retired, member

Brigadier General Joseph T. McNarney, U. S. Army, member

Conducted by Admiral Thomas C. Hart, U. S. Navy, Retired

Admiral Orin G. Murfin, U. S. Navy, Retired, President

Admiral Edward C. Kalbfus, U. S. Navy, Retired, member