Michael Peyron - The Berbers of Morocco: A History of Resistance

To Josiane, Caroline, Margaret, Maya and Yan

Also to Ayad Kerouach, Houssa Yakobi, Youssef At Lemkaddem, Assou and Khadija Lhatoute, Rkia Montassir, Khadija Aziz, Fatima Boukhris, Labha El Asri and many other Amazigh friends and acquaintances

In memory of David M. Hart, Berber fieldworker extraordinary, and alsoMohammed El-Manaouar from Asif Dadds, late member of IRCAM

Michael Peyrondefended a Doctoral thesis at the Grenoble Institute of Alpine Geography on the Tounfit region as a result of extensive field work in the Eastern High Atlas of Morocco (197090). He subsequently lectured on Amazigh History and Culture at Al-Akhawayn University, Ifrane (AUI) and at the Faculty of Letters, Rabat, Morocco (19992011). His better known Berber-related publications include The Amazigh Studies Reader(2008), Berber Odes(2010) and Mountains worth living for(2019).

Boumaln-Dadds: cubic, kasbah-style architecture typical of southeastern Morocco.

Village of Imlil n-Oughbar with the shrine to mahdiIbn Toumert (Western High Atlas).

Camel-herding, High Moulouya Plain, Eastern Middle Atlas in the distance.

Agersaffen village, upper Seksawa Valley (Western High Atlas).

Village of Imi n-Wasif, upper Seksawa Valley (Western High Atlas).

An ashelhiy(Berber) man from the Western High Atlas.

Rooftops of Zaouit Ahansal and cliffs of Jbel Aroudan.

Ayt Hadiddou couple on the trail, Asif Melloul Valley (Eastern High Atlas).

Seventh lineal descendant of Bou Salim el-Ayyashi, Zaouit Si Hamza.

Ayt Atta summer camp at foot of Jbel Azourki.

Cedar forest at the foot of Jbel Ayyashi.

Autumn scene, Berber village, Western High Atlas.

Village of Azgour and Jbel Erdouz, Guedmioua (Western High Atlas).

Nomadic encampment at foot of Jbel Maasker, Tounfit (Eastern High Atlas).

Sheep and cattle in upper Moulouya; Jbel Ayyashi in the background.

Zaouit Si Hamza, on the southern slopes of Jbel Ayyashi.

Village upstream from Amellago, Asif Ghriss gorge (Ayt Merghad).

Girl from Seksawa, with rope on a grass-cutting chore (Western High Atlas).

Woman from the Glaoua tribe near Tizi n-Tishka

Typical mountain Berber architecture, Ayt Bahammou, Seksawa (Western High Atlas).

Shrine of Sidi Ali Oulhousseyn, Anergui, at the foot of Jbel Kousser.

Girl from the Glaoua tribe near Tizi n-Tishka (Marrakesh High Atlas).

Men from Ayt Bou Gemmez brandishing vintage muzzle-loaders.

Villages in Ayt Bou Gemmez Valley (Central High Atlas).

The snow-covered Middle Atlas massif of Jbel Tishshoukt seen from the southeast.

Marmousha plateau on a fine winters morning, Bou Nasser in the background.

Town of Shefshawn: evening view, looking west (Rif).

French 155 mm howitzers in action north of Fez ( LIllustration, summer 1925).

Spanish troops west of Melilla (1921 photo, Archive Vidal).

French AI officer on winter patrol with his bodyguards in the Middle Atlas ( LIllustration, winter 19234).

Jbel Tishshoukt, Middle Atlas citadel of Ayt Seghroushen (19236).

Village assembly, Qsar Arrwadi, deep in former Tache de Taza.

Tea-drinking Berbers, Qsar Arrwadi, near Oulad Ali.

Ploughing fields below a lone tighremt, Azilal area.

Jbel Ayyashi main ridge seen from Imtchimen.

Camels graze on esparto grass east of Amellago, with a fresh dusting of snow on the tops.

Berber family, Oul Ghazi, Asif Melloul, Ayt Sokhman.

Tighremt n Ayt Sad, downstream from Imilshil, Asif Melloul (Ayt Hadiddou).

Ruined French outpost, Ayt Yaqoub; Foreign Legion camp above qsar