Jill Goulder - Working Donkeys in 4th-3rd Millennium BC Mesopotamia: Insights from Modern Development Studies

I should like to thank warmly many people, including the following.

My valued doctoral thesis supervisors at the Institute of Archaeology UCL, Dr. Louise Martin, Professor David Wengrow and Professor Stephen Shennan, and my honorary supervisors Professor William Clarence-Smith of SOAS and Dr. Harriet Crawford of UCL, who helped me out of holes into which I fell. At the Institute of Archaeology, I would particularly like to thank Professors Ruth Whitehouse, Sue Hamilton and Dr. Marion Cutting for their support, as well as the anonymous academic reviewers, and at Routledge Matt Gibbons, Kangan, Louise, Deborah and all the production team. I also fully acknowledge the role of my PhD examiners Professor Paul Halstead of the University of Sheffield and Dr. Mark Altaweel of the Institute of Archaeology.

The late Professor Andrew Sherratt, whom I was privileged to call my friend and upon whose shoulders I hope to stand.

A range of donkey-friends including Professor Paul Starkey, Dr. Peta Jones, Ed Emery of the Donkey Conference, and Professor Haskel and Dr. Tina Greenfield. Also Dr. Carol Palmer at the British Institute in Amman, Dr. Jaafar Jotheri, Dr. Abubakar Suleiman, Nasser Kalawoun and Melissa Upjohn.

For my Burkina Faso research visit in 2013, my friend Bettie Petith of FITIL and in Burkina Faso my friends and colleagues Robert Ilboudo, Bako Bazoin and Alphonse Hien. For my Ethiopia research visit in 2014, Stephen Blakeway, and the Donkey Sanctuary team in Addis Ababa and Bahir Dar, particularly Dr. Bojia Endebu, Dr. Asmamaw Beyene, Anteneh Kassa and Dr. Tewodros Tesfaye Mekonnen.

For both research visits, I would like to thank the UCL Doctoral School and the Institute of Archaeology for their important contributions to the funding of my research visits, and additionally the British Institute in Eastern Africa for their generous grant towards funding my Ethiopian visit.

On illustrations, kind help has been given in particular by Harriet Pottinger and others at the Donkey Sanctuary, The Brooke, Sue Sherratt, Ronika Power, Frank Frster and Dr. Rudolph Kuper, Rick Hauser, Dan Potts, the late Lamia al-Gailani, Ianir Milevski, Ann Searight, Noah Snyder-Mackler, Galen Frysinger, Bruno at http://theonearmedcrab.com and HarperCollins. Neil Thomson and John Downie gave me invaluable technical help on image resolution, line-drawings and other illustration difficulties.

Some of the photos of present-day working-animal use in this book are of imperfect quality, included nevertheless because they valuably record fast-disappearing lifeways and practices. This applies in particular to my own photos from my fieldwork trips to Burkina Faso and Ethiopia, at a time when I had no idea that a book would result; I apologise for all their failings.

For this book and its preceding PhD thesis, I have analysed in detail 389 modern studies and surveys of working-animal use in developing regions far too many to reference and list in full in my bibliography alongside the many archaeological sources, though I include all directly referenced modern sources. I describe my data-set of modern development studies in detail in Chapter 1.2, and as an indication of the genre and context of many of my sources, I list in (by date) selected key NGO, official and academic volumes, each containing multiple useful individual papers.

Many of the surveys and studies consulted come from workshop proceedings and resource books sponsored by the Animal Traction Network for Eastern and Southern Africa (ATNESA), who were very active until the early 2000s. Their website (.

Adams, R.McC. (1981). Heartland of Cities: Surveys of Ancient Settlement and Land Use on the Central Floodplain of the Euphrates . Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Adams, R.McC. (2008). An interdisciplinary overview of a Mesopotamian city and its hinterlands. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 1, 111.

Adams, R.McC. (2010). Slavery and freedom in the Third Dynasty of Ur: Implications of the Garshana archives. Cuneiform Digital Library Journal 2, 18.

Admassu, B. and Shiferaw, Y. (2011). Donkeys, Horses and Mules: Their Contribution to Peoples Livelihoods in Ethiopia . Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The Brooke.

Admiralty War Staff (1916). A Handbook of Mesopotamia. Vol. 1: General . London: Admiralty War Staff Intelligence Division.

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