F. Lorraine Petre - Napoleon and the Archduke Charles: A History of the Franco-Austrian Campaign in the Valley of the Danube 1809

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N APOLEON AND THE A RCHDUKE C HARLES

Other books in the series include:

1815: THE RETURN OF NAPOLEON
Paul Britten Austin

ON THE FIELDS OF GLORY
The Battlefields of the 1815 Campaign
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LIFE IN NAPOLEONS ARMY
The Memoirs of Captain Elzar Blaze
Introduction by Philip Haythornthwaite

THE MEMOIRS OF BARON VON MFFLING
A Prussian Officer in the Napoleonic Wars
Baron von Mffling

WATERLOO LECTURES
A Study of the Campaign of 1815
Colonel Charles Chesney

WATERLOO LETTERS
A Collection of Accounts From Survivors of the
Campaign of 1815
Edited by Major-General H. T. Siborne

www.frontline-books.com/napoleoniclibrary

N APOLEON AND THE A RCHDUKE C HARLES

A H ISTORY OF THE F RANCO -A USTRIAN C AMPAIGN IN THE V ALLEY OF THE D ANUBE 1809

F. Loraine Petre

Frontline Books

Napoleon and the Archduke Charles

A Greenhill Book

Published in 1991 by Greenhill Books, Lionel Leventhal Limited

www.greenhillbooks.com

This edition published in 2017 by

Frontline Books

an imprint of Pen & Sword Books Ltd,

47 Church Street, Barnsley, S. Yorkshire, S70 2AS

For more information on our books, please visit

or write to us at the above address.

This edition Lionel Leventhal, 1991

ISBN: 978-1-47388-265-2

eISBN: 978-1-47388-267-6

Mobi ISBN: 978-1-47388-266-9

Publishing History

Napoleon and the Archduke Charles was first published in 1909 (John Lane: The Bodley Head) and is reproduced now complete and unabridged.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the prior written permission of the publisher. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

CIP data records for this title are available from the British Library

AUTHORS PREFACE

T HE campaign which forms the subject of this volume is one which has received scant notice in England, and has been a good deal misunderstood. The misunderstanding has been mainly due to Napoleons successful misrepresentation of the earlier part as one of his greatest and most successful efforts. The publication of the full correspondence of the time in Colonel Saskis Campagne de 1809, and General Bonnals criticism in his Manuvre de Landshut , effectually show that the Emperor was guilty of lapses which did not occur in 1805 or 1806. Besides these works, there are many excellent accounts of older date in French, which have been consulted by the author. The most notable are Pelets history of the campaign, and Kochs Memoirs of Massna.

The campaign is of special interest as being the only one, except the Austrian retreat from Italy in 1797, in which Napoleon was personally opposed to his ablest continental opponent.

The publication, under the patronage of the Archduke Charles family, of Colonel von Angelis Erzherzog Karl als Feldherr, and of the collected writings of the Archduke, has thrown much light on the Austrian side. The history commenced by Binder von Krieglstein ( B. K. in the notes), a Prussian officer, and completed by a brother officer, deals with French, Austrian, Bavarian, and Wurtemberg sources of information. There are several recent Austrian works, especially that of Mayerhofer von Vedropolje, which are of great value in the study of the campaign.

Of the maps attached to this volume, No. IV. is a reproduction of part of the Bavarian Staff map. So is the inset to No. III., whilst the rest of that map is based upon the same foundation. I have gratefully to acknowledge the courtesy of the Topographical Department of the General Staff at Munich in allowing me thus to use their map. Most of the other maps are based, either on the great atlas of the Memorial du dpt de la Guerre , or, in the case of No. V., on the Atlas of Kochs Memoirs of Massna. Most of the drawing and reduction has been done for me by my son, Mr R. L. Petre, an officer of the South Wales Borderers. All but two of the illustrations are, as in the case of my two former works, reproductions from pictures in the collection of Mr A. M. Broadley, of The Knapp, Bridport, who has courteously allowed them to be used. The view of the Danube at Saal, showing the defile through which Davouts baggage column passed on the 19th April 1809, and that of the headquarters at Rohr, are two out of a number taken by myself during a tour in September 1907.

F. L. P.

CONTENTS

ILLUSTRATIONS

Appearing between pages xvi and

The Archduke Charles

*The Danube at Saal

*The Post House at Rohr

General Mouton

Francis I., Emperor of Austria

The Battle of Essling

Marshal Oudinot

General Lasalle

*From photographs by the author.

The remaining illustrations are reproduced

by the kind permission of A. M. Broadley Esq.,

from prints, engravings etc., in his collection.

MAPS AND PLANS

Appearing at end of Volume

Map I

General Map of Central Europe

Maps II

The Valley of the Danube from Ratisbon to Komorn.

Plans for Battles of Ebelsberg, Raab, and Snaim.

Map III

Map for the Campaign of Eckmhl.

Enlarged (Bavarian Staff) Map of Neighbourhood of Abensburg.

Map IV

Country Round Thann and Eckmhl (Bavarian Staff Map).

Map V

Plan for Battles of Essling and Wagram.

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