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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Negotiating Chinas destiny in World War II / edited by Hans van de Ven, Diana Lary, and Stephen MacKinnon.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8047-8966-0 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. ChinaForeign relations19121949. 2. ChinaPolitics and government19121949. 3. World War, 19391945Diplomatic history. 4. World War, 19391945China. I. Van de Ven, Hans J., editor of compilation. II. Lary, Diana, editor of compilation. III. MacKinnon, Stephen R., editor of compilation.
DS775.8.N44 2015
940.53'51dc23
2014005256
ISBN: 978-0-8047-9311-7 (electronic)
Typeset by BookMatters in Sabon 10/12.5
Negotiating Chinas Destiny in World War II
Edited by
Hans van de Ven, Diana Lary, and Stephen R. MacKinnon
STANFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
STANFORD, CALIFORNIA
Acknowledgments
We first wish to record our thanks and appreciation for the leadership of Ezra Vogel. The Chongqing conference of which this volume is the product was the fourth in a series of, so far, five conferences on the Second World War in China. The first four were held in Harvard (2002), Maui (2004), Hakone (2006), and Chongqing (2009). Each brought together Chinese, Japanese, and Western scholars; each has resulted in a conference volume. Ezra is one of the few Western scholars fluent in both Chinese and Japanese. He is a scholar deeply committed to fostering understanding based on serious research. His vision of a generally shared consensus on the war has not yet been fully realized, but his organizational abilities and his generosity of spirit have set us on the way to a much deeper appreciation of the extent to which China and much of Asia were shaped by the war. His enthusiasm and his ability to enlist the cooperation of colleagues have been critical to the project. Ezra has been an inspiration to us all.
The aim of the conferences was to bring Chinese and Japanese scholars together to discuss, jointly with Western scholars, the 19371945 Sino-Japanese War, still a disputed and often difficult topic in the relationship of the two countries. Without the enthusiastic and thoughtful cooperation of leading scholars in China and Japan, it would not have been possible to convene the conferences. Yang Tianshi in China and Yamada Tatsuo in Japan played a large role in finding the best paper writers.
We also wish to record our gratefulness to the Mellon Foundation. Without its support, this project would not have been possible. In addition, we thank Harvard University for making the publication of this book possible. We thank Yin Shuxi for providing excellent draft translations. The Chongqing government was generous in hosting the 2009 conference in the city that was the Chinese capital during the Second World War and doing so again four years later.
Contributors
MARIANNE BASTID-BRUGUIERE is a French historian who was educated at the cole Nationale des Langues et Civilisations Orientales and Peking University. Her many publications include Educational Reform in Early Twentieth Century China (1988) and LEvolution de la Societe Chinoise a la Fin de la Dynastie des Qing, 18731911. She has received honorary degrees from the Russian Academy of Sciences and Aberdeen University, and in 2010 she was named Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor.
CHANG JUI-TE teaches at the Chinese Cultural University in Taipei and holds concurrent positions at the Institute of Modern History of the Academia Sinica and at Taiwan Normal University. He received his PhD from the latter university. His publications include The Management of Chinas Modern Railroads: An Analysis of its Political Dimension (1974), The Beijing-Hankou Railroad and the Development of the North Chinese Economy (1987), and The National Armys Personnel System during the War of Resistance (1993).
DIANA LARY is Professor Emerita of the University of British Columbia. She was educated at SOAS, University of London, and was among the first British students to teach and study in the Peoples Republic of China. She has written on Chinese warlords and migration. Her publications relating to wartime China include Chinas Republic (2007) and The Chinese People at War (2010), and she has co-edited Scars of War: The Impact of Warfare on Modern China (2002).
LI YUZHEN is a Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of Modern History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. She learned Russian at the Beijing Foreign Studies University in 1959. After teaching there and at the Capital University, she moved in 1979 to the Institute of Modern History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, focusing on Chinese-Soviet and CCP-Comintern relations. She has published Sun Yat-sen and the Comintern (1996) and The Kuomintang and the Comintern (2012), and she has translated a sourcebook, The CPSU, the Comintern, and China (1997).
XIAOYUAN LIU teaches Chinese history and international relations at Iowa State University and is also affiliated with East China Normal University. He has published A Partnership for Disorder: China, the United States, and Their Policies for the Postwar Disposition of the Japanese Empire, 19411945 (1996), Reins of Liberation: An Entangled History of Mongolian Independence, Chinese Territoriality, and Great Power Hegemony (2006), and Recast All Under Heaven: Revolution, War, Diplomacy and Frontier China (2010).
STEPHEN R. MACKINNON was educated at Yale University and the University of California at Davis. From 1979 until 1981, he lived in China, teaching and researching at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Since 1971 he has taught at Arizona State University. He has done extensive research on Chinese journalism and Republican history. His publications include China Reporting: An Oral History of American Journalism in the 1930s and 1940s (1987), Agnes Smedley: The Life and Times of an American Radical (1988), Power and Politics in Late Imperial China: Yuan Shikai in Tianjin and Beijing, 19011908 (1980), and most recently Wuhan, 1938: War, Refugees, and the Making of Modern China (2008).
RANA MITTER is Professor of the History and Politics of Modern China at Oxford University. He also presents the BBCs flagship arts and ideas program, Nightwaves. Educated at Cambridge University, he has published Forgotten Ally: Chinas World War II, 19371945 (2013), the widely used textbook A Bitter Revolution: Chinas Struggle with the Modern World (2005), and the monograph The Manchurian Myth (2000).
NISHIMURA SHIGEO is a Professor of Foreign Studies at Osaka University. His books include Revolutionaries against Colonialists: A History of Northeast China, 19001949 (1993) and On the Colonization of Northeast China and the Rise of Anti-Japanese Survival Movements (1987). He has also written a biography of Zhang Xueliang (1999).
HANS VAN DE VEN: After earning a PhD at Harvard University, Hans van de Ven began teaching at Cambridge University, which he still does. His research has focused on Chinese military history as well as Chinas globalization in the 18501950 period. His publications include