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Mary Platt Parmele - A Short History of Spain

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Book:
A Short History of Spain
Author:
Mary Platt Parmele
Publisher:
Enhanced Media Publishing
Genre:
Books / History
Year:
2017
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A SHORT HISTORY OF

SPAIN

MARY PLATT PARMELE

ILLUSTRATED

NEW YORK
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 1906
COPYRIGHT, 1898, BY MARY PLATT PARMELE
COPYRIGHT, 1898, 1906, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

From the portrait by Titian.

Charles V.

PREFACE.

In presenting this book to the public the author can only reiterate what she has already said in works of a similar kind: that she has tried to exclude the mass of confusing details which often make the reading of history a dreary task; and to keep closely to those facts which are vital to the unfolding of the narrative. This is done under a strong conviction that the essential facts in history are those which reveal and explain the development of a nation, rather than the incidents, more or less entertaining, which have attended such development. And also under another conviction: that a little, thoroughly comprehended, is better than much imperfectly remembered and understood.

M.P.P

NEW YORK. June 15, 1898.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

Ancient IberiaThe BasquesThe KeltberiansThe

PheniciansCadiz Founded,

CHAPTER II.

Struggle between Phenicians and AssyriansFounding

of CarthageDecline of PheniciaRise

of Roman PowerFirst Punic War,

CHAPTER III.

HamilcarHannibalSiege and Fall of SaguntumRome

Invades SpainScipio's PolicyCadiz,

(Gades) Surrendered to the RomansBy What

Steps IBERIA Became SPAINFall of Carthaginian

PowerHow Spain Became a Roman

Province,

CHAPTER IV.

SertoriusStory of the White HindRome Fights

Her Own Battles on Spanish SoilBattle of

MundaCsar Declared DictatorThe Ides of

MarchOctavius AugustusSpain LatinizedFour

Hundred Years of Peace,

CHAPTER V.

Northern Races in the History of CivilizationRoman

Empire ExpiringAtaulfusAttila and

the HunsTheodoricEvaric Completes Conquest

of Spanish PeninsulaEurope TeutonizedDifference

between Anglo-Saxon and

Latin Races,

CHAPTER VI.

UlfilasArianismThe Spanish LanguageBrunhildeLeovigildHis

Son's ApostasyArianism

Ceases to be the Established Religion of

Spain,

CHAPTER VII.

ToledoChurch of Santa MariaWamba,

CHAPTER VIII.

Decline of VisigothsRoderickCount Julian's

TreacheryMahommedanismTarifProphecy

Found in the Enchanted TowerTarikRoderick's

Defeat and DeathMoslem Empire

Established in Spain,

CHAPTER IX.

Musa's Dream of European ConquestCharles MartelCharacteristics

of Mahommedan RuleMission

of the Saracen in EuropeThe Germ

of a Christian Kingdom in the North of

Spain,

CHAPTER X.

Pelayo and the Cave of CovadongaAlfonso I.Berbers

and Arabs at War on African CoastWar

Extends to SpainThe Omeyyad Khalifs

Superseded by the AbbasidesAbd-er-RahmanOmeyyad

Dynasty Established at CordovaIneffectual

Attempt of the Abbasides to

Overthrow Abd-er-RahmanCharacter of This

Conqueror,

CHAPTER XI.

CharlemagneBattle of Roncesvalles,

CHAPTER XII.

Conditions after Death of Abd-er-RahmanAbd-er-Rahman

II.Arab RefinementsEulogius

and the Christian MartyrsAbd-er-Rahman

III.A Khalifate at CordovaThe Great

MosqueThe City of "The Fairest"Death

of Abd-er-Rahman III.,

CHAPTER XIII.

Rough Cradle of a Spanish Nationality in the

AsturiasAlfonso III. and His Hidalgos and

DonsGuerrilla Warfare with MoorsJealousies

and Strife between Christian KingdomsCivil

WarAlmanzorRuin of Christian State

Seemed ImminentDeath of AlmanzorBerber

RevoltAnarchy in Moorish StateA Khalif

Begging a Crust of BreadBerbers Destroy CordovaLibrary

BurnedCity of "The Fairest"

a RuinAsturiasLeon and Castile UnitedAlfonso

VI.The CidTriumph of ChristiansMoors

Ask Aid of the AlmoravidesChristians

Driven BackDeath of the CidA Dynasty of

the AlmoravidesThe AlhomadesThe Great

MahdiMoorish People Become Subject to

Emperor of MoroccoHis Designs upon

EuropeThe Pope Proclaims a CrusadeAlhomades

Driven Out of Spain by ChristiansMoorish

Kingdom Reduced to Province of

Granada,

CHAPTER XIV.

European Conditions in Thirteenth CenturyVisigoth

Kings Recover Their LandIts

Changed ConditionsEffect of Arab Civilization

upon Spanish NationFernando III.Spain

Draws into Closer Companionship with

European StatesAlfonso X.Spain Becoming

PicturesqueThe Bull-FightBeautiful GranadaThe

Alhambra,

CHAPTER XV.

Perpetual Civil War between Spanish StatesCastile

and Aragon Absorb the Others and in Conflict

for SupremacyPedro the CruelThe

"Black Prince" His Champion against AragonJohn

of GauntHis Claim upon the Throne of

CastileHis Final CompromisePolitical Conditions

Contrasted with Those of Other

States,

CHAPTER XVI.

Death of Juan II.Enrique IV.IsabellaHer Marriage

with Ferdinand of AragonIsabella

Crowned Queen of CastileFerdinand, King of

AragonThe Two Crowns UnitedCharacteristics

of the Two SovereignsThe Inquisition

CreatedJews Driven out of the KingdomAbdul-Hassan's

DefianceZaharaFamily

Troubles at the AlhambraAyesha and BoabdilAlhama

Captured by FerdinandBoabdil

Supplants His FatherMassacre of the AbencerragesGranada

BesiegedIts CapitulationMoorish

Rule Ended in Spain,

CHAPTER XVII.

Columbus and IsabellaIsabella's Private GriefsHer

DeathCharles, King under a RegencyCharles

Elected Emperor of GermanySpain

during His ReignCruelties in the East and

in the WestVain Struggle with ProtestantismAbdication

and Death of Charles,

CHAPTER XVIII.

Philip II.Union of Spain and PortugalThe Duke

of Alva in the NetherlandsWar with EnglandSpanish

Armada DestroyedDeath of

Philip II.Spain's DeclineGlory of the Name

"Castilian,"

CHAPTER XIX.

Philip III.Rebellion of the MoriscosLast of the

Moors Conveyed to African CoastDon QuixotePhilip

IV.Louis XIV. Marries Spanish InfantaA

Diminishing KingdomCarlos II.First

Collision between Anglo-Saxon and

Spaniard in AmericaClose of Hapsburg Dynasty

in Spain,

CHAPTER XX.

New European ConditionsLouis XIV.War

of the "Spanish Succession"Marlborough

Checks Louis at BlenheimArchduke Abandons

Sovereignty in SpainPeace of UtrechtFurther

Dismemberment of SpainGibraltar

Passes to EnglandBourbon DynastyCommences

with Philip V.Ferdinand VI.Carlos

III.Expulsion of the Jesuits,

CHAPTER XXI.

A Dismantled KingdomSpanish-American ColoniesEngland

and France at War over American

BoundariesSpain the Ally of FranceLoss

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