PUBLISHED BY ALFRED A. KNOPF
All rights reserved. Published in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Penguin Random House LLC, New York, and distributed in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Originally published in Germany by S. Fischer Verlag. Copyright 2013 S. Fischer Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt am Main.
Knopf, Borzoi Books, and the colophon are registered trademarks of Penguin Random House LLC.
Title: Hitler : ascent, 18891939 / Volker Ullrich ; translated from the German by Jefferson Chase.
Other titles: Adolf Hitler. English
Description: First American edition. | New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2016. | A Borzoi bookTitle page verso. | Originally published in Germanycopyright 2013, S. Fischer Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt am MainTitle page verso.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015047202 | ISBN 9780385354387 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780385354394 (electronic)
Subjects: LCSH: Hitler, Adolf, 18891945. | Hitler, Adolf, 18891945Political and social views. | Hitler, Adolf, 18891945Psychology. | PersonalityCase studies. | Heads of stateGermanyBiography. | DictatorsGermanyBiography. | GermanyHistory19331945. | GermanyPolitics and government19331945. | National socialism.
Classification: LCC DD247.H5 U4513 2016 | DDC 943.086092dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015047202
Front-of-Cover image: Hitler, c. 1935. Print Collector/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Illustrations
Hitlers father Alois Hitler, c.1880 (akg-images).
Hitlers mother Klara Hitler, c.1885 (akg-images).
Hitler as a small child, 1891 (akg-images).
Class photo with the 10-year-old Adolf Hitler, Leonding, 1899 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz).
Hitler as a boy (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz).
Hitler at a patriotic event on Munichs Odeonsplatz, 2 August 1914 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitler with his comrades in Bavarian RIR 16, 1915 (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 146-1974-082-44, Scherl/Presse Hoffmann).
Flyer announcing Hitlers appearance in Zirkus Krone on 11 January 1922 (Bundesarchiv Berlin-Lichterfelde, NS 26/1242).
One of the first portraits of Hitler by Heinrich Hoffmann, September 1923 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitler speaking in Munichs Zirkus Krone in 1923 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Group photo of the defendants at Hitlers trial, 1 April 1924 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitler with fellow Landsberg inmates (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz).
Advertising brochure for Hitlers book, June 1924 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Freistaat Bayern/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitler after his release from prison, 20 December 1924 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitler in an unpublished photograph by Heinrich Hoffmann, spring 1927 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitler at a party rally in Weimar, 34 July 1926 (ullstein bild/Heinrich Hoffmann).
The Berlin Sportpalast during a National Socialist campaign event in September 1930 (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 102-10391, Georg Pahl).
Hitler is celebrated by supporters after his testimony at the Reich Court in Leipzig, 25 September 1930 (ullstein bild/Sddeutsche Zeitung/Photo Scherl).
Hugenberg and Hitler, 11 October 1931 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz).
Hitlers office in Munichs Brown House (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Maria Reiter at the age of 16 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Archiv Heinrich Hoffmann).
Hitlers niece Geli Raubal (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Eva Braun posing on a desk in Heinrich Hoffmanns atelier in 1930.
Hitler poses for the cameras of Richard Wagners grandsons (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Official photo announcing the continuation of the marriage between Joseph and Magda Goebbels, October 1938.
Publicity pamphlet advertising one of Hitlers flying tours, 1932.
Hitler and Hermann Gring at a meeting of the Dsseldorf Industrial Club, 26 January 1933 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
The Cabinet of National Concentration on 30 January 1933 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
The Day of Potsdam: Hitler bows before Hindenburg, 21 March 1933 (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 183-S38324).
Three typical Hitler poses during his 10 February 1933 speech in Berlins Sportpalast (AKiP Freie Universitt Berlin).
Hitler digging the first turf for the construction of the autobahn, 23 September 1933 (ullstein bild/Sddeutsche Zeitung/Photo Scherl).
Hitlers first meeting with Mussolini, Venice, 14 June 1934 (ullstein bild/Roger-Viollet).
Hitler supporters making the pilgrimage to the Berghof (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Albert Speer unveiling his dome of light on the Zeppelin Field at the Nuremberg rally of 1936 (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 183-1982-1130-502, Scherl).
Leni Riefenstahl during the filming of Triumph of the Will, September 1934 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/Friedrich Rohrmann).
Pillory parade in Gelsenkirchen in August 1935 (Stadtarchiv Nrnberg Sig. E39 Nr. 1747/17-20).
Hitler enters Berlins Olympic Stadium, 1 August 1936 (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 146-1976-033-17).
Hitler looking at blueprints and models for the Nuremberg rally site (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 146-1971-016-31).
The planned NorthSouth Axis in Berlin (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 146III-373).
Hitlers office in the New Reich Chancellery, 1939 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
The concealable window in the Great Hall at the Berghof.
Hitler and Eva Braun on the Obersalzberg, autumn of 1938 (Bildarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz/BSB/Heinrich Hoffmann).
Group photo from the Berghof New Years Eve party in 1938 (ullstein bild/Roger-Viollet).
Defaced windows of Jewish-owned businesses in Berlin, June 1938 (Stiftung Neue Synagoge Berlin Centrum Judaicum).
Onlookers watch as the Old Synagogue in Essen burns, 9 November 1938 (Stadtbildstelle Essen).
Mussolini in Berlin during his state visit, 27 September 1937.
Hitler speaks from the balcony of Viennas Hofburg Palace, 15 March 1938 (Bundesarchiv Koblenz, 183-1987-0922-500).
Hitler at the German Gymnastics and Sports Festival in Breslau, 31 July 1938 (