Acknowledgements
This book would not have been possible without the enormous amount of help and kindness that has been forthcoming from all directions during its preparation. In particular I would like to thank Mr Patrick Forbes for his part in the genesis of the idea, and Mr Alistair Horne for his encouragement, his advice and my publisher.
I am most grateful to the present Lord Jeffreys for permission to use his grandfathers diary as the framework on which the rest of the story could be built and for providing many of the illustrations from his family albums, and my thanks are also due to the following: The Regimental Lieutenant-Colonel (Colonel N. Hales Pakenham Mahon) and the successive Regimental Adjutants of the Grenadier Guards who allowed me to research in and retain parts of the Regimental archives; Mr Ralph Abel Smith for permission to quote from the letters and diaries of his father, Lieutenant-Colonel Wilfrid R. A. Smith; Lady Gweneth Cavendish for permission to quote from the papers of her husband Colonel R. H. V. Cavendish; The Dowager Lady Hardinge of Penshurst, for permission to quote the letter from Lady Edward Cecil (later Viscountess Milner); Lord Killanin, for permission to include the account written by his uncle, then Lord Killanin, of the search for the graves of those killed at Villers-Cotterets; Lieutenant-General Sir George Gordon-Lennox, for permission to use the diary of his father, Major Lord Bernard Gordon-Lennox; Lord Ridley, for permission to quote from the diary of his cousin, Colonel E. D. Ridley; Sir Oliver Welby, for permission to quote from the diary of his brother, Lieutenant Richard Welby; The Marchioness of Zetland, for permission to use the letters of her father Colonel E. J. L. Pike.
Mr Harold Macmillan, Major-General Sir Allan Adair and Colonel R. S. Lambert were all good enough to set aside some time to give me their personal recollections of the personalities involved.
Mr Antony Brett-James and Mr John Keegan of the Department of War Studies at R.M.A. Sandhurst were both kind enough to read the manuscript either in whole or in part, and to offer advice and guidance where needed. To Mr Ken White of the Staff College Library and his assistants I am indebted for their patience and help during the period of production.
Finally, I would like to thank Miss Caroline Hobhouse of Macmillan for the patience and good humour with which she has guided yet another complete novice through the complicated process of literary gestation; Mr Keith Simpson of the Department of War Studies at Sandhurst for undertaking the monumental task of compiling the biographical index; and Mrs Vanessa Leicester Thackeray for the production of an excellent, workable typescript from a chaotic manuscript.
J. M. Craster
Addendum
On the reissue of this book being first proposed I was delighted when, in reply to my plea, Richard Holmes responded with typical insouciance Grim Reaper permitting, I would be happy to do a foreword for the admirable 15 rpm. Alas that permission was not granted, and the loss of course was felt far wider than this modest sphere. But without Richards quiet and continuing support this would not be happening. My thanks to Michael Orr, who picked up the ball and ran it over the line, and to Jamie Glover Wilson who has coaxed yet another idle author to the point of publication
I am supremely grateful to Major-General Sir Evelyn Webb-Carter KCVO, OBE, DL for his Foreword, and to the descendants of those who gave permission for the extracts from their forebears letters and diaries to be used. Every effort has been made to contact them, but if this volume comes as a surprise to some I can only apologise!
Michael Craster
February 2012
Biographical Index
(Note: Army records were not always easily maintained in 1914 and unfortunately it has been impossible to identify some individuals.)
Abbreviations
AAG | Assistant Adjutant General |
AA & QMG | Assistant Adjutant and Quartermaster General |
BEF | British Expeditionary Force (France) |
DAAG | Deputy Assistant Adjutant General |
GSO 1 | General Staff Officer 1st Grade |
EEF | Egyptian Expeditionary Force |
G. Gds | Grenadier Guards |
C. Gds | Coldstream Guards |
I. Gds | Irish Guards |
W. Gds | Welsh Guards |
k.i.a. | killed in action |
d.o.w. | died of wounds |
ALEXANDER, Harold Rupert Leofric George 18911969
Entered Army 1910; commissioned Irish Gds; Lieutenant 1 Batt. I. Gds BEF August 1914; Captain 2 Batt. I. Gds BEF March-October 1915; Second-in-command 1 Batt. I. Gds 1031 December 1916; Major, Officers School JulySeptember 1917; Lieutenant-Colonel 2 Batt. I. Gds October 1917March 1918; Acting Brigadier-General 4 Gds Brigade 2330 March 1918; commanded 2 Batt. I. Gds AprilOctober 1918. Subsequently Field-Marshal 1944; Supreme Allied Commander, Mediterranean theatre; Minister of Defence 195254 and 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, KG, PC, GCB, OM, GCMG, CSI, DSO, MC.
ARDEE, Reginald Le Normand Brabazon, Lord 18691949
Entered Army 1889; Commissioned G. Gds; served S. Africa 19002; Major 1906; Lieutenant-Colonel 1912; Lieutenant-Colonel 1 Batt. I. Gds 18 September31 October 1914; employed under Ministry of Munitions 191617; Colonel I. Gds Regimental District February 1917 January 1918; Brigadier-General (temp.) 4 Gds Brigade BEF February-April 1918; succeeded father as 13th Earl of Meath 1929. CB, CBE.
BAILEY, Hon. Wilfred Russell 18911948
Entered Army 1911; commissioned G. Gds; Lieutenant 2 Batt. G. Gds BEF August 1914; Captain & Adjutant 2 Batt. G. Gds BEF 191516; Acting Major 1916; commanded 1 Batt. G. Gds October 1918; Acting Lieutenant-Colonel October 1918; retired 1924; rejoined 1939; commanded Training Batt. W. Gds; Colonel GHQ 1942; succeeded father as 3rd Baron Glanusk 1928. DSO
95, 130, 139, 151, 152, 162
BAKER-CARR, Christopher DArcy Bloomfield Saltern. 18781949
Entered Army 1898; commissioned Rifle Brigade; left Army 1906; volunteered for active service August 1914; attached GHQ BEF France 191415; Brigadier-General (temp.) 1 Tank Corps Brigade 191718. CMG, DSO.
BANBURY, Charles William (Cakes) 18771914
Entered Army 1899; commissioned C. Gds; ADC to GOC 1 Division 190910; ADC to GOC-in-C Eastern Command 1912; Captain, staff appointment August 1914; Captain 3 Batt. C. Gds August 1914; d.o.w. September 1914.
56, 89, 92
BATTENBURG, H.H. Prince Alexander (Drino) 18861960
Entered Army 1911 after service as a naval cadet and midshipman; commissioned G. Gds; Lieutenant 2 Batt. G. Gds BEF August 1914; invalided home November 1914; subsequently promoted Captain; retired 1919; assumed surname Mountbatten and created Marquess of Carisbrooke 1917. GCVO.
27, 82, 90, 92, 93
BEAUMONT-NESBITT, Frederick George 1893?
Entered Army 1912; commissioned G. Gds; second Lieutenant 2 Batt. G. Gds BEF October 1914; Captain July 1915; ADC November 1915 August 1916; GSO 3 May 1917January 1918; Brigade Major January 1918September 1918. MC.
95, 162
BINGHAM, Hon. Sir Cecil Edward (Cis) 18611934
Entered Army 1882; commissioned 3rd Hussars; Lieutenant 2nd Life Gds 1886; Captain 1st Life Gds 1892; S. Africa 18991902; Brigadier-General (temp.) 2 Cavalry Brigade 191011; commanded 4 Cavalry Brigade 191114; Brigade Commander BEF 191415; Major-General 1915. GCVO, KCMG, CB.