Isidor Buchmann - Batteries in a Portable World

Batteries in a Portable World

A Handbook on Rechargeable

Batteries for Non-Engineers

Isidor Buchmann

published by

Cadex Electronics Inc.

Third Edition

In association with www.BatteryUniversity.com

Copyright 2011 Cadex Electronics Inc. (Cadex). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means without written permission of Cadex Electronics Inc., 22000 Fraserwood Way, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada V6W 1J6; Phone: +1 604-231-7777; Fax: +1 604-231-7755; E-mail: isidor.buchmann@cadex.com.

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Disclaimer

While every effort was made to ensure that the information contained in this publication is accurate, Cadex does not warrant or guarantee accuracy and completeness; nor does Cadex take responsibility for any errors, omissions or damages that may arise from this information.

All trademarks used in conjunction with Cadex are the property of Cadex Electronics Inc.

Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication

Buchmann, Isidor, 1943

Batteries in a portable world: a handbook on rechargeable batteries
for non-engineers.

Third edition

Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-9682118-3-0

1. Storage batteries. I. Cadex Electronics Inc. II. Title.

TK2941.B83 2000 621.312424 C00-901659-7

Printed in Canada

Jrn Tinnemeyer | Vice President, Research, Cadex Electronics Inc.

TINNEMEYER has contributed to this book on the electrical, chemical and practical aspects of the battery. His major achievements, however, are in inventing rapid-test technologies, for which he has earned five patents. Tinnemeyer holds a specialist degree from the University of Toronto in mathematics and applied physics. He completed graduate work in high-energy physics at Simon Fraser University and earned a masters degree in astronautics and space engineering at Cranfield University in the United Kingdom.

Tinnemeyer has won many prestigious awards, honors and international research scholarships. His inventions in battery diagnostics and monitoring at Cadex Electronics Inc. (Cadex) made the company a leader in this field. As a Cadex employee, he has traveled the world and delivered numerous papers at conferences on battery testing. His primary expertise is in energy storage devices, system design, digital signal processing and control theory, as well as applied non-linear algorithms and information theory.

Among his achievements are battery rapid-test technologies that measure the state-of-health of lead-, nickel- and lithium-based batteries in seconds. In pursuit of more accurate fuel-gauge methods, Tinnemeyer stepped outside the traditional measurements based on voltage, current and temperature and developed quantum magnetic battery analysis called Q-Mag. The principle is based on spin-dependent tunneling.

With a mathematical brain rivaling that of Nikola Tesla, Tinnemeyer cares for the well being of society and is concerned about the careless depletion of recourses, fossil fuel in particular. His ultimate goal is to invent medical devices that will help humanity and bring quick healing to those who are suffering.

Jeff Dahn | Professor of Physics and Chemistry, Dalhousie University

DAHN is recognized worldwide as a distinguished scientist in the field of advanced lithium batteries. He is one of the pioneering developers of the lithium-ion battery, authored over 430 refereed journal papers and issued or filed 54 patented inventions. According to the Electrochemical Society Interface, Dahn is one of the most prolific authors in the Journal of the Electrochemical Society and has one of the most-cited papers in the journal.

Dahn obtained his B.Sc. in physics from Dalhousie University (1978) and his Ph.D. from the University of British Columbia in 1982. He then worked at the National Research Council of Canada (198285) and at Moli Energy Limited (19851990) before taking up a faculty position in the Physics Department at Simon Fraser University in 1990. He returned to Dalhousie University in 1996 as the NSERC/3M Canada Industrial Research Chair in Materials for Advanced Batteries. He was appointed a Canada Research Chair in 2003.

Dahn has received numerous national and international awards, including the Herzberg Medal, Canadian Association of Physicists; Battery Division Research Award of the Electrochemical Society; NSERC University/Industry Synergy Award for collaborative efforts with 3M Canada (2003), and the Medal for Excellence in Teaching from the Canadian Association of Physicists.

Mark Richter | Vice President, Engineering, Cadex Electronics Inc.

RICHTER has the exceptional talent of developing complex electronic circuits, and Cadex employs his flawless designs in the products the company manufactures. He is actively involved in the pioneering work of modern battery diagnostics, monitoring technologies and hardware designs. These patented inventions will change the way batteries are tested. He is a graduate of the British Columbia Institute of Technology and has 25 years experience in the electronics industry.

Franois Girard | Manager of the Technology Evaluation Program, NRC

GIRARD received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Chemistry from Universit du Qubec Montral with Prof. Daniel Blanger. He earned the Ph.D. in Energy from the Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique nergie et Matriaux, a collaboration with Profs Blanger and Jean-Pol Dodelet. His graduate work encompassed the development of composite electrodes for secondary lithium batteries and the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates via inorganic cluster molecules. His postdoctoral work at the Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada focused on surface modification of polymeric membranes with ion-conducting ceramic thin films for salt electrodialysis. Girard has been with the National Research Council for over 10 years, occupying the positions of Research Officer, Business Development Officer and Manager of the Technology Evaluation Program, all within NRCs Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation.

Paul Craig | Director of Technology at E-One Moli Energy (Canada) Ltd.

Craig began his battery career in 1986 in the R&D department at Moli Energy where he designed equipment for manufacturing and testing of rechargeable lithium batteries. As Senior Applications Engineer, he developed fuel gauges for smart battery and was responsible for specifying and approving batteries for military, medical and commercial use. Craig travels the world and devotes equal time to batteries for portable applications and the electric vehicle. He provided invaluable resources to this book, especially on the topic of manganese-based chemistries.