Katarzyna Person - Warsaw Ghetto Police: The Jewish Order Service during the Nazi Occupation

AAN Archiwum Akt Nowych w Warszawie (Polish Central Archives of Modern Records), Warsaw

APW Archiwum Pastwowe w Warszawie (State Archive in Warsaw)

ARG Ringelblum Archive

DP displaced person or persons

GFH Ghetto Fighters House

IPN Instytut Pamici Narodowej (Institute of National Remembrance), Warsaw

JHI ydowski Instytut Historyczny (Jewish Historical Institute), Warsaw

JHIA Archiwum ydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego (Archive of the Jewish Historical Institute), Warsaw

KdS Kommandeure der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD (Headquarters of the Sipo and the SD)

Kripo Kriminalpolizei (Criminal Police)criminal police in Nazi Germany

MIH Muzeum ydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego (Museum of the Jewish Historical Institute), Warsaw

Orpo Ordnungspolizei (Order Police)uniformed police force in Nazi Germany

Polish Blue Police Polnische Polizei im Generalgouvernement (Polish Police of the General Government)police force in occupied Poland, consisting of prewar state police members, under German leadership

Polish State Police Polska Policja Pastwowaprewar Polish state police force

RG record group

RSHA Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Reich Main Security Office)organization overseeing security and police forces in Nazi Germany

SD Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service)intelligence and security agency of the SS and Nazi Party in Nazi Germany

SEPOR Sekcja Pomocy Rzeczowej dla Funkcjonariuszy (Section of Material Assistance for Order Service Functionaries)

Sipo Sicherheitspolizei (Security Police)state security police in Nazi Germany

USHMM United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

YIVO YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, Archives & Library Collections, New York City

YVA Yad Vashem Archive

My research on the Jewish police in the Warsaw Ghetto and the writing of this book were made possible thanks to the postdoctoral fellowship at Yad Vashem and the European Holocaust Research Infrastructure fellowships at Memorial de la Shoah in Paris and at Kings College, University of London. Colleagues from these institutions generously provided me with guidance and invaluable help and have been a great source of support in the early stages of my work. I also benefited greatly from numerous, often very lively discussions of its contents and from advice received at conferences and workshops where I presented my work. I would especially like to express my thanks to Natalia Aleksiun, Giles Bennet, Jakub Chmielewski, Boaz Cohen, Barbara Engelking, Maria Ferenc, Gabriel Finder, Jan H. Issinger, Marta Janczewska, Kamil Kijek, Ewa Komiska-Frejlak, Justyna Majewska, Dan Michman, Antony Polonsky, Agnieszka Reszka, Noah Shenker, Pawe piewak, and Andrzej bikowski for their generous help and encouragement.

I am greatly indebted to my home institution, the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw, which houses most of the material quoted in this book and which showed confidence in my work by publishing the Polish edition of this book. At every step of the writing, I benefited immensely from the expertise of my colleagues in the institute as well as from their personal support and friendship. I especially owe a deep debt of gratitude to all wonderful scholars involved in the full edition of the Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto, without whom this book would have never come into being.

I am extremely grateful to Emily Andrew at Cornell University Press and Claire Rosenson at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) for their invaluable contributions to this manuscript, as well as to production editor Karen Hwa, copy editor Don McKeon, translators Zygmunt Nowak-Soliski and Krzysztof Heymer, and the staff at Cornell University Press for their wonderful work. I would also like to thank the peer reviewers for their insightful comments.

I dedicate this book to the memory of my teacher and doctoral supervisor, David Cesarani, a wonderful and courageous historian, who believed in this book much more than I ever dared to.

Beyond all the professional support, this book would never come into being without the support of my family. Thank you.

My most heartfelt thanks go out to the children and grandchildren of the Warsaw Ghetto policemen who agreed to speak to me of their fathers and grandfathers experiences and their postwar lives. It was only thanks to them that I could attempt even to begin to grasp this topic.