Theo Kofidis - Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery: A Practical Guide

Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery

A Practical Guide

Edited by

Theo Kofidis, MD, PD(Ger), FRCS, FAHA, FAMS

Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery
NUHCS, National University of Singapore
National University Health System
Singapore

First edition published 2021
by CRC Press
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742

and by CRC Press
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2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Kofidis, Theo, 1969- editor.
Title: Minimally invasive cardiac surgery : a practical guide / edited by Theo Kofidis. Other titles: Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (Kofidis)
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2021] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020035597 (print) | LCCN 2020035598 (ebook) | ISBN 9781498736466 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367641740 (paperback) | ISBN 9780429188725 (ebook)
Subjects: MESH: Heart Diseasessurgery | Cardiac Surgical Proceduresmethods | Minimally Invasive Surgical Proceduresmethods
Classification: LCC RD598.35.C35 (print) | LCC RD598.35.C35 (ebook) | NLM WG 169 | DDC 617.4/12dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020035597
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020035598

ISBN: 9781498736466 (hbk)
ISBN: 9780429188725 (ebk)

Typeset in Georgia
by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India

To
Professor Chuen Neng Lee
for shaping my career and transforming my life.

Contents

Theo Kofidis

Chang Guohao and Theo Kofidis

Theo Kofidis and Chang Guohao

Faizus Sazzad and Theo Kofidis

Ti Lian Kah, Sophia Ang Bee Leng, Wei Zhang, Lalitha Manickam and Jai Ajitchandra Sule

Faizus Sazzad and Theo Kofidis

Igo B Ribeiro and Marc Ruel

Faizus Sazzad and Theo Kofidis

Theodor Fischlein and Giuseppe Santarpino

Giovanni Domenico Cresce and Loris Salvador

Amalia Winters, Jessica Forcillo and Vinod H Thourani

Ivandito Kuntjoro and Edgar Tay

Faizus Sazzad and Theo Kofidis

Hugo Vanermen

Chang Guohao and Theo Kofidis

Nirav C Patel, Meghan K Torres and Jonathan M Hemli

Mohammad Abdulrahman Al Otaiby

Christos Alexiou and Theo Kofidis

Faizus Sazzad and Theo Kofidis

Janet M. C. Ngu, Ming Hao Guo and Marc Ruel

Lszl Gbls and Johannes Bonatti

Michael Seco, J James B Edelman, Fabio Ramponi, Michael K Wilson, and Michael P Vallely

Claudio Muneretto, Chang Guohao and Theo Kofidis

Anil K Gehi, and Andy C Kiser

Ourania Preventza

Cem Alhan, Sahin Senay, Julian Wong and Andrew MTL Choong

Faizus Sazzad and Theo Kofidis

Theo Kofidis

True ignorance is not the absence of knowledge, but the refusal to acquire it wrote Karl Popper.

According to Wikipedia, the word education derives from Latin and means breeding, or bringing up or rearing. Education has the objective to improve knowledge, skills and habits through teaching, training or research, and research includes, by definition, creativity and innovation.

In many areas and professions, reasonable training is linked to a good outcome. But in our specialty, this assumption, similar to musicians or painters, architects or even soccer players, may be far from actual practice, when it comes to the inculcation of excellence.

Becoming a good cardiovascular or thoracic surgeon takes time, a lot of time, and devotion but also a rather peculiar behavior, something you have or you do not have, something we could also call talent .

Talent is aptitude, or a group of aptitudes, useful but also essential for a given activity.

In ancient times, talent was a measure of weight, approximately the mass of the water required to fill an amphora. It established itself as a unit of weight and value in Greece, Rome and the Middle East. A talent was a unit of measurement for weighing several metals, usually gold and silver. In the New Testament, a talent also referred to the value of money or coins.

A talent, therefore, represents value. In todays terms, one talent would be worth about 1,735,000. Thats a lot of value!

Training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills and competencies towards accomplishing specific goals in improving ones capability, productivity and performance. Training requires repetition, and repetition again. In Tirone Davids words training is the mother of skills, crucial indeed in our specialty.