Understanding Costs and Outcomes
in Child Welfare Services
Child Welfare Outcomes
Series Editor: Harriet Ward, Centre for Child and Family Research, Loughborough University, UK
This authoritative series draws from original research and current policy debates to help social work managers, policy makers and researchers to understand and improve the outcomes of services for children and young people in need. Taking an evidence-based approach, these books include childrens experiences and analysis of costs and effectiveness in their assessment of interventions, and provide guidance on how to develop more effective policy, practice, and training.
other books in the series
Improving Outcomes for Children and Families
Finding and Using International Evidence
Edited by Anthony N. Maluccio, Cinzia Canali, Tiziano Vecchiato, Anita Lightburn, Jane Aldgate and Wendy Rose
Foreword by James K. Whittaker
ISBN 978 1 84905 819 3
How Does Foster Care Work?
International Evidence on Outcomes
Edited by Elizabeth Fernandez and Richard P. Barth
Foreword by James K. Whittaker
ISBN 978 1 84905 812 4
Costs and Consequences of Placing Children in Care
Harriet Ward, Lisa Holmes and Jean Soper
ISBN 978 1 84310 273 1
Young Peoples Transitions from Care to Adulthood
International Research and Practice
Edited by Mike Stein and Emily R. Munro
ISBN 978 1 84310 610 4
Babies and Young Children in Care
Life Pathways, Decision-making and Practice
Harriet Ward, Emily R. Munro and Chris Dearden
ISBN 978 1 84310 272 4
Safeguarding and Promoting the Well-being of Children, Families and Communities
Edited by Jane Scott and Harriet Ward
ISBN 978 1 84310 141 3
Understanding Costs and Outcomes in Child Welfare Services
A Comprehensive Costing Approach to Managing Your Resources
Lisa Holmes and Samantha McDermid
Jessica Kingsley Publishers
London and Philadelphia
Cover image supplied by www.shutterstock.com
First published in 2012
by Jessica Kingsley Publishers
116 Pentonville Road
London N1 9JB, UK
and
400 Market Street, Suite 400
Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
www.jkp.com
Copyright Lisa Holmes and Samantha McDermid 2012
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 610 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Applications for the copyright owners written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher.
Warning: The doing of an unauthorised act in relation to a copyright work may result in both a civil claim for damages and criminal prosecution.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Holmes, Lisa.
Understanding costs and outcomes in child welfare services : a comprehensive costing approach to managing your resources / Lisa Holmes and Samantha McDermid.
p. cm. -- (Child welfare outcomes)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84905-214-6 (alk. paper)
1. Children--Services for--Great Britain. 2. Child welfare--Great Britain-- Finance. I. McDermid, Samantha. II. Title.
HV751.A6H65 2012
362.70681--dc23
2011037315
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978 1 84905 214 6
eISBN 978 0 85700 448 2
Printed and bound in Great Britain
Contents
List of Tables
Table 3.1 Framework for expenditure allocation:
Overheads
Table 3.5 Social care activity time by professional type for Process 2:
Initial Assessment
Table 5.4 Unit costs of Process 3:
Ongoing support according to child need
List of Figures
List of Boxes
Preface
Understanding Costs and Outcomes in Child Welfare Services: A Comprehensive Costing Approach to Managing Your Resources aims to contribute to the evidence base of understanding the costs and outcomes of interventions provided to vulnerable children and their families.
This book brings together a number of studies carried out by researchers over the past five years at the Centre for Child and Family Research, Loughborough University, England. The text builds on and extends a methodology that was first developed in 2000 by Harriet Ward, Lisa Holmes and Jean Soper to cost services for looked after children and to understand the relationship between needs, costs and outcomes when providing services to these children (Ward, Holmes and Soper 2008).
The findings from the research are brought together and set within the policy and practice context in England. As with the aforementioned 2008 publication it should be emphasised that this book is not about cutting costs or reducing services, but about ensuring that limited resources are optimally used to benefit vulnerable children and their families. A point that is particularly pertinent at a time of substantive funding cuts to the public sector and a renewed focus on childrens social care following the publication of the Munro Review of Child Protection a comprehensive investigation of childrens social care (Munro 2010; Munro 2011a; Munro 2011b).
This is a complex book and it could not have been produced without the assistance of a great number of people. The research included in the text has been supported by grants from the Department for Education (formerly Department for Children, Schools and Families), the Local Government Association and also Action for Children. We are grateful for their support and in particular for the support and advice offered from members of the various research advisory groups.
The book would never have been completed without the editorial assistance of both Harriet Lowe and Suzanne Dexter, whose support and attention to detail have been invaluable. To all the other members of the team who have been involved in the costs and outcomes programme of research, in particular to Harriet Ward and Jean Soper, without whom the programme of research would never have been developed. Thanks also to Joe Sempik, Clare Lushey, Doug Lawson, Matthew Padley, Paul Dyson and Mike Gatehouse who have all been involved in the data collection or analysis across one or more of the various studies.
Finally, we particularly wish to thank all the local authorities and service providers that have participated in the research, for taking the time to complete various surveys and for taking the time to speak to members of the research team. Most importantly we express our thanks to all the children and families that have contributed either by completing online surveys or agreeing to meet with one of the research team. We hope that the methodology and findings from the research will help to improve service provision in the future.