Dorling Kindersley - Sports: Facts at Your Fingertips

FAC TS AT Y OU R FI NGE RT IPS

There are many wonderful sports out there. This book doesnt cover all of them but does featur e some of the popular ones from ar ound the world. The sports in this book should be played by children under appropriate par ental supervision and after taking necessary safety precautions. Given next to the entry for each sport is information about some of the following: where and how the sport is contested and won; how long it lasts; what some of its major events are; whether it is played by individuals (solo), pairs (duo), or teams; and what the players use or wear (gear) while playing it. Senior Editor Rupa Rao Senior Art Editor Vikas Chauhan Project Art Editor Mansi Agrawal Project Editor Kathakali Banerjee Editors Bharti Bedi, Priyanka Kharbanda US Editor Christopher Stolle US Executive Editor Lori Cates Hand Picture Researc h Co-ordinator Sumita Khatwani Assistant Picture Resear ch Administrator Va gisha Pushp Picture Researc h Manager Ta iyaba Khatoon Managing Editor Kingshuk Ghoshal Managing Art Editor Govind Mittal Senior DTP Designer Jagtar Singh DTP Designers Jaypal Singh Chauhan, Rakesh Kumar Pre-produ ction Manager Balwant Singh Production Manager Pankaj Sharma Production Editor Gillian Reid Production Contro ller Sian Cheung Jacket Designer Juhi Sheth DK India Editorial Head Glenda Fernandes DK India Design Head Malavika Ta lukder Jacket Design Development Manager Sophia MTT Publisher Andrew Macintyre Associate Publishing Director Liz Wheeler Art Director Karen Self Publishing Director Jonathan Metcalf Author Clive Giffor d Consultants Brian Bur nsed, Steven Conway , Megan Fernandez, John Schwarb, Christopher Stolle This title was cr eated with support fr om the DK Diversity , Equity , & Inclusion team. Thanks to the Pr oduct and Content W orking Gr oup for their input and guidance. First American Edition, 2021 Published in the United States by DK Publishing 1450 Br oadway , Suite 801, New Y ork, NY 10018 Copyright 2021 Dorling Kindersley Limited DK, a Division of Penguin Random House LLC 21 22 23 24 25 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 001322653Dec/2021 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be repr oduced, stor ed in or intr oduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, r ecordi ng, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner . Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited A catalog recor d for this book is available from the Library of Congr ess. ISBN 978-0-7440-3961-0 DK books are available at special discounts when pur chased in bulk for sales promotions, pr emiums, fund-raising, or educational use. For details, contact: DK Publishing Special Markets, 1450 Br oadway , Suite 801, New Y ork, NY 10018 SpecialSales@dk.com Printed and bound in China For t he cur io us www.dk.com This book was made with Forest Stewardship Council certied paper one small step in DK s commitment to a sustainable future. For mor e information go to www. dk.com/our- green-pledge

CONTENTS S prints, Hurdles, Relays, Long-distance races S tarts and nishes Shot put, Discus, Hammer , Javelin Long jump, T riple jump, High jump, Pole vault Rhythmic gymnastics, Floor exer cises, V aults Pommel horse, Balance beam, Bar events, Rings Wei ghtlifting, Powerlifting, T rampolining, T umbling, Racewalking American football T he offense S occer R ugby union, Rugby league, Australian football C ricket, Softball, Handball B aseball B aseball eld Basketball P laying basketball Netball, V olleyball, Beach volleyball I ce hockey Field hockey , Lacr osse, T ug of war , Jai alai T ennis, T able tennis, Badminton, Real tennis T ennis shots Squash, Racquetball, Pickleball, Paddle tennis Boxing, Mix ed martial arts, Kickboxing, Scholast ic wrestling Sumo, Ju-jitsu, Fencing, Judo J udo points Kung fu, Karate, Ta ekwondo, Krav maga, Muay Thai 14 TRACK AND FIE LD & GYMNASTICS 70 COMBA T SPOR TS 34 TEAM SPORTS 116 WHEEL AND MOTOR SPORTS 62 RACKET SPORTS 134 OTHER SPORTS W hat is a sport? A ncient sports Playing sports S ports for all Diving, Swimming, Synchronized swimming Swimming strokes W aterskiing, W ater polo, Surng Sailing, Rowing, Kayaking, Canoeing R owing to win Kiteboarding, Underwater sports, Stand-up paddleboarding, Windsurng, Wakeb oarding, Personal watercraft (PWC) racing 80 WA TE R SPORTS 96 WINTER SPORTS Snowboarding, Skiing, Freestyle skiing 1 Skiing downhill Ski jumping, Luge, Bobsledding, Skeleton Ice dancing, Figure skating, Speed skating, Biathlon, T elemarking 108 T ARGET SPOR TS Golf, Curling, T en-pin bowling, Disc golf 1 Playing golf Ar chery , Snooker , Pool, Darts, Billiards, Croquet Polo, Show jumping, Dressage, Horse racing Hang gliding, Paragliding, Cliff diving, Skydiving Climbing, Parkour , Whitewater rafting, Free diving, Fr ee-ride mountain biking, Dodgeball Regional sports: Horse relay race, Kabaddi, Dambe, Pok-ta-pok A ll about sports S etting recor ds G lossary I ndex A cknowledgments Tr ack cycling, Road racing, Mountain biking 1 Roller skating, Roller hockey , Skateboar ding Formula 1 racing, Indy car racing, Karting I ndy car racing 1 NASCAR Tr uck racing, Motorcycle racing, Drag racing Air racing, Powerboat racing, Snowmobiling, Motocross racing, 24 Hours of Daytona

| SPORTS What is a sport? Sports are activities in which people use physical ef fort and skill to compete against others. Some sports pit two individuals head-to-head, while others are team contests. People play sports for fun, exercise, the challenge, or the thrill of competition. Differing demands Each sport requir es something differe nt. Some call for great strength, explosive power , or lightning-fast reactions. Others need strategy and accuracy . But all players need to practice the skills and techniques that will give them the winning edge. Games Competitive activities that involve skill, knowledge, or chance but rarely any physical activity are called games. Examples include card games, checkers, and chess, which some consider a sport because of the serious nature of its contests. Ar chery W eightlifting A weightlifter needs str ong muscles to lift heavy weights. An archer needs calm concentration, steady arms, and a good aim.

WHA T IS A SPOR T? | Play by the rules All competitive sports have rules. Many of them have ofcials, such as basketball refer ees, who monitor play and ensure the r ules are f ollowed. In some sports, such as diving or gymnastics, a panel of judges decides the scor e of each competitor . Adapted for all The adrenaline rush of playing a sport can be enjoyed by people of all ages and abilities. Some sports, such as ag rugby , have been adapted for younger children by making it safer for them to play . Other sports, such as the 200 m sprint, have been adapted to allow ath letes with disabilities to compete. As seen here, visually impair ed British athlete Libby Clegg (left) competes in a race with the assistance of a nondisabled guide (right). Competitive video gaming draws larg e crowds of live and internet viewers. In such eSports, individual gamers or teams compete within one computer game. eSports A panel of judges watches the competitors perform.