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Iris-Katharina Penner (editor) - Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: Background, Clinic, Diagnostic, Therapy

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Iris-Katharina Penner (editor) Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis: Background, Clinic, Diagnostic, Therapy

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Fatigue is a major symptom in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and is mainly responsible for unemployment, early retirement but also social withdrawal. This book combines reporting of actually existing scientific knowledge with guidance for clinical practice. As such the book helps health care professionals in all countries to better understand fatigue symptoms but also to help patients to better cope with them.

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Book cover of Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis Editor Iris-Katharina Penner - photo 1
Book cover of Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis
Editor
Iris-Katharina Penner
Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis
Background, Clinic, Diagnostic, Therapy
The Springer logo Editor Iris-Katharina Penner Department of Neurology - photo 2

The Springer logo.

Editor
Iris-Katharina Penner
Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
ISBN 978-3-031-13497-5 e-ISBN 978-3-031-13498-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13498-2

Translation from the German language edition: Fatigue bei Multipler Sklerose Grundlagen Klinik Diagnostik Therapie, 2nd edition by Iris-Katharina Penner, Hippocampus Verlag 2021. Published by Hippocampus Verlag. All Rights Reserved.

The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.

COGITO GmbH 2023
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG

The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

Fatigue in the context of multiple sclerosis is one of the most relevant neuropsychiatric symptoms of the disease and is considered one of the most distressing ones from the patient's perspective. Fatigue often occurs abruptly without any external reason in everyday life and thus complicates a normal daily functioning. Often, patients fatigue-associated behavior leads to stigmatization in the sense of "laziness attribution," "inability to work under pressure," or "simulating and exaggerating the symptoms." This lack of understanding in the social environment is increased by the fact that fatigue occurs independently of the degree of disability and thus also affects patients who do not appear to have any obvious disease symptoms. But especially the group of patients with a low degree of disability have been shown to feel fatigue forces them to reduce their workload or even to give up employment completely, consequently resulting in social isolation and depressive episodes.

This book is the first English edition following the recently published second German edition. It is dedicated to all those dealing with fatigue symptoms directly or indirectly in the context of multiple sclerosis. This includes various professional groups (e.g., doctors, psychologists, therapists, nurses a.o.) as well as the patients themselves and their relatives. The aim of the book is to present the latest scientific findings, from the basics to clinics and diagnostics to therapy, in order to increase our understanding of the whole spectrum of fatigue. To achieve this, renowned colleagues from the clinical and scientific communities have agreed to illuminate various aspects from their respective research and practice perspective. I would therefore like to take this opportunity to thank my esteemed colleagues for their support and enthusiasm in the endeavor to publish this English edition of the Fatigue book.

Iris-Katharina Penner
Bern, Switzerland
April 2022
Contents
Part IBackground
J. Kesselring
P. Flachenecker
F. Paul
U. K. Zettl and R. Patejdl
Part IIClinic
K.-C. Broscheid , C. Dettmers , M. Behrens , W. Wolff , A. Peters , L. Schega , M. Vieten and M. Jbges
Iris-Katharina Penner , P. Flachenecker and H. Meiner
M. Filser and Iris-Katharina Penner
S. M. Gold
U. Kallweit , A. Chan and C. L. A. Bassetti
Part IIIDiagnostics
Iris-Katharina Penner
Daniela Pinter and Christian Enzinger
J. Liepert
B. Widder
Part IVTherapy
Iris-Katharina Penner and H. Schreiber
D. Woitalla
M. Sailer , C. M. Sweeney-Reed and J. Lamprecht
Part I Background
The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
I.-K. Penner (ed.) Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13498-2_1
On the History of Fatigue
J. Kesselring
(1)
Rehabilitation Center, Clinics Valens Taminaplatz, Valenz, Switzerland

In the nineteenth century, labor, with its political and economic dimensions, represented a central interest in the sociological and medical literature. With its various forms of organization, its significance and productive potential toward the end of the century, attempts were made to solve the worker question with the help of science: Body movements and rhythms were subjected to detailed laboratory studies, exposed to new measuring techniques, and recorded photographically. This attempt to replace moral disputes with science is particularly visible in the discussion of fatigue by European physiologists after 1870. Although descriptions of this phenomenon can already be found in numerous literary accounts of ennui, lassitude, languor, and Weltschmerz, they did not find their way into the medical literature until the end of the nineteenth century (Lepenies ). In 1892, for example, Lagrange provides descriptions of lamentable French schoolchildren: Muscles without energy only painfully support the body, the face is pale, the body without nerves, the posture as if under weight turned downward. All the external aspects of the child give the impression of a plant longing for air and sunlight. All the functions of the organism are doomed.

Fatigue thus became the most obvious sign of the external limitations of body and mind, the most reliable indicator of the need to preserve the forces and prevent their abuse. The paradigm shift consisted in the replacement of the earlier conception of laziness as a reason for resistance to work with fatigue.

Physiologists and discoverers such as Etienne-Jules Marey or Angelo Mosso () from Turin, whose classic La Fatica in 1891 was enormously influential, attempted to describe for the body in work what

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