Arnold Grummer - Arnold Grummers Complete Guide to Easy Papermaking

Arnold Grummer's

Easy
Papermaking

C OMPLETE G UIDE TO

Copyright 1999 by Arnold Grummer
All Rights Reserved

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Cover design by Jon Stein
Book design by Jan Wojtech

Photography Credits
All photo and electronmicrographs in Chapters 3, 4, and 5: Microscopy Laboratories
of the former Institute of Paper Chemistry (now the Institute of Paper
Science and Technology).
Black and white photos in the Introduction: Fred Sweeney, head of the Photographic
Laboratories of the Institute of Paper Chemistry.
Color setup photos: Don Ackerman Photography, New Berlin, Wis.
Color flat work: Pro Visual Photography, West Allis, Wis.; the author.

Art Credits
All paper sheets, shapes, forms, and castings by the author unless otherwise credited.
All color in this books paper pieces is colored fibersno paint.

Manufactured in the United States of America

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Grummer, Arnold
Arnold Grummers Complete Guide to Easy Papermaking

ISBN 0-87341-710-0

eISBN: 978-1-4402-1955-9

1. Papermaking 2. Grummer 3. Title

98-86905
CIP

DEDICATION

To all my favorite people: Mabe, Mark, Ellen, Ed and Bill; Greg, Janet and Jack; Kim, Dave, Jon, Dan and Ellie; and any who yet may come.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

For this books amazing and educational photo and electron micrographs and their meaning, I thank former Institute of Paper Chemistry electron microscopists, the late Olga Smith, Hilka Kaustinen, and Dr. Russell Parham. Their colleague, Jack Hankey, prepared and shared paper cross sections. Hopefully, through this book, what they so willingly and patiently shared with me will be extended to many others.

The outstanding photography and print production of Fred Sweeney and his Institute photography staff chronicled occurrences in and about the Dard Hunter Paper Museum as well as the Institutes whole scientific and educational program. The entire Institute staff, scientific and informational, has a direct connection with this book, because from them came all the background information from which its contents have sprung. Specialized watermark technology came from my Institute colleague and frequent co-lecturer, Bill (William C.) Krueger. Three extended interviews, granted by Institute colleagues late in my career there, are major to this book. Their sources are Dr. John Swanson, surface chemistry; Dr. Irwin A. Pearl, lignin; Dr. Dean Einspahr, forest genetics.

Fascinating paper insight came from the IPC 1478 Filter Paper research headed by Dr. J.A. Van Den Akker and Dr. Roy C.Whitney. I thank Dr. Bill Bliesner (Institute alumnus) of Filter Materials Corp. for discussion of paper pH matters.

Translating the above into this book relied repeatedly on encouragement from Kim Schiedermayer, my daughter, and more general support from my son Greg and my wife Mabe, whose combined creativity and labor have translated ideas and concepts into performing products. Kims husband, Dr. David Schiedermayer (also an author), helped extensively in sheet selection to illustrate each technique.

Finally, I acknowledge support provided by a continuance of interest, encouragement, and positive response from thousands of people at trade shows, workshops, seminars, exhibits, and demonstrations over two decades. No writer is an island.

T ABLE OF C ONTENTS

Chapter 18 The Papermakers Tear

Bibliography

PART
I

Introduction
Welcome to Arnolds World

T his book pulls together much of what I have learned about paper and hand papermaking in 30 years of experimenting and pursuing the answer to What if.... It reflects 16 years of experience with deep science and high technology accumulated at The Institute of Paper Chemistry in Appleton, Wisconsin; six years of in-depth historical immersion while curator of the Institutes Dard Hunter Paper Museum, and host to its visiting luminaries from most nooks of the earth; being cleared by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) for certain work and subsequently glimpsing, via my friend and Institute colleague Bill Krueger and his staff, areas of watermark- ing and other exploration where likely no man had ever trod before. Heady stuff.

Former PresidentRichard M. Nixon holds thesheet of paper he made underthe tutelage of ArnoldGrummer (foreground, secondfrom right) on the GreatAmerican Paper Machine.

Demonstrating handpapermaking on the historicalstreets of Galena, Ill.

I watched patiently a three-year study on the development of a test for paper permanence. I followed with anticipation the development of callus in a petri dish and had the real joy of managing the press conference and introducing the scientists who developed the worlds first test tube tree, which the callus eventually produced. I experienced real awe reading the final report on IPC 1478 Filter Paper which, courtesy of the first U2 spy planes, wrote the book on where radioactive debris entered, moved in, and left the atmosphere. On the basis of data delivered by the paper, atmospheric testing of radioactive devices was halted certainly a stunning success for the Institute.