Roy G. Willis - The Fipa and Related Peoples of South-West Tanzania and North-East Zambia: East Central Africa Part XV

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ETHNOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF AFRICA

Volume 15

The Fipa and Related Peoples of South-West Tanzania and North-East Zambia

First published in 1966 by the International African Institute.

This edition first published in 2017
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon 0X14 4RN

and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1966 International African Institute

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-138-23217-4 (Set)
ISBN: 978-1-315-30463-2 (Set) (ebk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-23344-7 (Volume 15) (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-23345-4 (Volume 15) (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-30965-1 (Volume 15) (ebk)

Publishers Note
The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer
The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.

Publishers note

Due to modern production methods, it has not been possible to reproduce all the charts which appeared in the original book. Please go to www.routledge.com/Ethnographic-Survey-of-Africa/Forde/p/book/9781138232174 to view them.

ETHNOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF AFRICA

EDITED BY DARYLL FORDE

East Central Africa

PART XV

The Fipa and Related Peoples of South-West Tanzania and North-East Zambia

BY

ROY G. WILLIS

LONDON

INTERNATIONAL AFRICAN INSTITUTE

1966

This study is one part of the Ethnographic Survey of Africa which the International African Institute is preparing with the aid of a grant made by the Ministry of Overseas Development.

P RINTED IN G REAT B RITAIN BY T HE S IDNEY P RESS L TD , B EDFORD

T HE International African Institute has, since 1945, been engaged on the preparation and publication of an Ethnographic Survey of Africa, the purpose of which is to present in a brief and readily comprehensible form a summary of available information concerning the different peoples of Africa, with respect to location, natural environment, economy and crafts, social structure, political organization, religious beliefs and cults. While available published material has provided the basis for the Survey, a mass of unpublished documents, reports and records in government files and in the archives of missionary societies, as well as field notes and special communications by anthropologists and others, have been generously made available and these have been supplemented by personal correspondence and consultation. The Survey is being published in a number of separate volumes, each of which is concerned with one people or a group of related peoples, and contains a comprehensive bibliography and specially drawn map.

A committee of the Institute was set up under the Chairmanship of the late Professor Radcliffe-Brown, and the Director of the Institute undertook the organization and editing of the Survey. The generous collaboration of a number of research institutions and administrative officers in Europe and the African territories was secured, as well as the services of senior anthropologists who have been good enough to supervise and amplify the drafts.

The work of the Survey was initiated with the aid of a grant from the British Colonial Development and Welfare Fund, on the recommendation of the Social Science Research Council, to be applied mainly, though not exclusively, to work relating to British territories. A further grant from the Sudan Government has assisted in the preparation and publication of sections dealing with that territory.

The Ministre de la France dOutre-Mer and the Institute Franais dAfrique Noire were good enough to express their interest in the project, and through their good offices grants were received from the Governments of French West Africa, the French Cameroons and French Equatorial Africa for the preparation and publication of sections relating to those areas. These sections have been prepared by French ethnologists with the support and advice of the late Professor M. Giaule of the Sorbonne, Mme. Calame-Giaule and Professor Th. Monod, Director of I.F.A.N.

The collaboration of the Belgian authorities in this project was first secured by the good offices of the late Professor de Jonghe, who enlisted the interest of the Commission dEthnologie of the Institut Royal Colonial Beige. The collaboration of the Institut pour la Recherche Scientifique en Afrique Centrale has also been readily accorded. Work relating to former Belgian territories is being carried out at the Centre de Documentation of the Muse de 1Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, where Mile. Boone and members of her staff are engaged on the assembly and classification of the vast mass of material relating to African peoples in the Congo, Ruanda and Burundi. They work in close collaboration with ethnologists in the field, to whom draft manuscripts are submitted for checking.

The International African Institute desires to express its grateful thanks to those official bodies whose generous financial assistance has made the carrying out of this project possible, and to the many scholars, directors of research organizations, administrative officers, missionaries, and others who have collaborated in the work and, by granting facilities to our research workers and by correcting and supervising their manuscripts, have contributed so largely to whatever merit the various sections may possess.

Since the unequal value and unsystematic nature of existing material was one of the reasons for undertaking the Survey, if is obvious that these studies cannot claim to be complete or definitive; it is hoped, however, that they will present a clear account of our existing knowledge and indicate where information is lacking and further research is needed. A list of sections already published will be found on pp. 80-82.

D ARYLL F ORDE ,
Director ,
International African Institute .

Contents

The present volume summarizes the principal ethnographic facts about a group of Bantu-speaking East African peoples clustered around and between the southern end of Lake Tanganyika and Lakes Rukwa and Nyasa. The peoples concerned are, in order of their numbers, the Fipa, Nyamwanga and Iwa, Lungu, Mambwe, Pimbwe, Wanda, Lungwa and Kuulwe. A chapter is devoted to the ethnography of each. Some account is also given of several ethnic groups peripheral to this main cluster, including the Nyiha, Safwa and Bungu.

It is well to be explicit at the outset on the criteria which are held to justify the inclusion of certain peoples in a regional ethnographic grouping, such as that proposed here, and the exclusion from that grouping of other peoples. The criteria employed are substantially those suggested by Monica Wilson:

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