People Love Free Wi-Fi
When a letter popped through the door of a friend warning him to stop downloading copyrighted material, he was understandably concerned. As someone who would recoil in horror if anyone thought he was up to something dodgy, he racked his brain trying to work out how it could have happened. Living alone, it couldnt have been a family member and, having run a virus check, he couldnt see any signs of malicious code. Perhaps it was just a case of mistaken identity, he thought. Or maybe someone had managed to gain access to his wi-fi network.
Unfortunately, his second hunch was correct. A neighbour had been using his network to download films and games, and he was mightily upset. He was right to be; someone with access to a wireless network can compromise a host of devices these days, ranging from computers and phones to cameras, smart televisions and connected appliances. An unprotected network can allow people to see the content of the data being transmitted back and forth, and it can let them view your private information.
It can also, as the friend saw first-hand, allow others to download illegal content or infect a machine with spyware or viruses. Thats just the start, though. Compromised networks can be used to send spam and viruses to other people too, with the added danger of the offence being traced right back to your door. Indeed, as if to underline the effects of a hack on an unsecured network, you only have to cast your mind back to November 2015.
You may well have missed this piece of news, but the Herald Scotland reported that the comedy duo the Krankies lost 3,000 to fraudsters when their home wi-fi was compromised, apparently by a man who parked up outside in a dark saloon. They are not alone either, as security company Avast says around 75% of households are at risk of attack via a wireless router.
While hacking wi-fi may not be the easiest thing in the world to achieve it requires patience, some technical skill and decent software (most of the stuff online is packed with cookies and malware) there is no point in tempting fate. Youll do yourself a lot of favours in the long-run and sleep more easily if you secure your home wi-fi network. After all, you dont want any scammers parking down your way in the future.
How The Hackers Operate
Hackers looking to breach a home network have an easier time of it thanks to the number of devices that are now hooked up, providing a greater number of entry points. Devices such as smart televisions, with fewer network restrictions, are viewed as easy ways in but, as always in these things, we users are often the weakest link so make sure you put up the right defenses and watch out for any potentially dodgy downloads in emails and online.
Experts say the problem is only going to get worse thanks to the wide availability of simple software that can be used to access networks. Aircracking, for example, works with a wireless card and actually has step-by-step instructions showing users how to discover network passwords. WEPCrack is an open source tool that lets people break into 802.11 WEP secret keys, while AirSnort bills itself as a wireless LAN encryption key recovery tool that passively monitors transmissions, computing the encryption key when enough packets have been gathered.
KisMAC for Mac OSX and Kismet for Linux need advanced knowledge but they will help to crack WEP and WPA keys by brute force, exploiting flaws including weak scheduling and badly generated keys. Yet, even without such specialist software, you can see which Wi-Fi networks are available thanks to built-in features in modern operating systems, and there are password lists around on the dark web that show the popular terms people use to log in.
Knowing that there is such support for hackers should make you more determined to shore up your machine and make it less vulnerable to attack. Experts suggest it takes mere seconds for a decent hacker to access a home network and a couple of minutes for someone using a tool downloaded from the web. The truth being: they are generally not going to such efforts for mere fun.
Should You Use A Router Supplied By An Isp?
Its the easy option. You buy a package from an internet service provider and you get a router. So why bother going to the expense of getting an alternative? In most cases, youll generally be fine with the provided router, but they are usually less secure than the ones which are sold direct. With patches often coming later and with remote support hardwired into them, they can also be more inflexible. So if you want extra security and choice, then you may well want to find your own router.
Steps to Secure Your Wi-Fi
Luckily, there are a few simple steps you can take to get rid of Wi-Fi paranoia.
Access Your Wireless Router
So what should you do? The first thing you need to know is how to access the settings of your wireless router. This part is easy. Try typing 192.168.0.1 into the address bar of your browser (or check your user guide for the right number combo if this doesnt work), and log in using the username and password for the router. Youll find this within the manual, from your ISP or via a search online since the routers have standard logins which work across the board. Once youre in, it goes without saying that you really ought to be looking at changing the login details to something more secure and unique to you, and you can do this from the page that will appear on screen.
With that done, you can then look at altering the routers IP address as well. It may seem extreme but the routers default IP address can be known by others, so by creating your own bespoke address (as long as the numbers within the dots are between 1 to 254), you will have something unique and known only to you. Just remember, when you log in to access your router settings from that point on, youll need to input that IP address in the URL bar of your browser rather than the one you started with.
Now take a look at the devices connected to your home network. You should be able to recognize each one of them, and if you cant then you may have an issue with someone piggybacking on your network. Not only will this pose a security threat to your network and zap some of your speed, if youre still on a contract that limits your data, then it could prove quite costly too. So, in order to avoid any such problems, lets take some action in locking down the Wi-Fi even further so that any rogue device finds it more difficult to gain access in the future effectively chucking it off the system.
Dont Tell SSID
As well as changing the password of your router, take a look at the wireless network name, or SSID. In a lot of cases, this is quite descriptive of the service you use. Sky, for instance, will generally say SKY in the name and list a series of letters, and this is generally the case with a lot of ISPs. The problem with this is that the name gives a stark clue about the equipment youre likely to be using, and that will only help hackers in their endeavours to breach your security.
You can alter this by clicking on the option for changing the wireless network name but what to choose? Its best to go with something obscure that you will instantly recognize, while ensuring it doesnt give anything away about who you are and what kit youre using. This is mainly good practice rather than a strict method of security but in situations such as this, every little helps. If the name looks weird enough, it may put some people off from trying to gain access for fear that its evidence youve locked down some other settings.