Brijesh Kumar - Organic Thin-Film Transistor Applications: Materials to Circuits

Organic Thin-Film Transistor Applications

Materials to Circuits

Organic Thin-Film Transistor Applications

Materials to Circuits

Brajesh Kumar Kaushik Brijesh Kumar Sanjay Prajapati Poornima Mittal

CRC Press

Taylor & Francis Group

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2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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Version Date: 20160628

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-3653-4 (Hardback)

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Kaushik, Brajesh Kumar, author.

Title: Organic thin-film transistor applications : materials to circuits / Brajesh Kumar Kaushik, Brijesh Kumar, Sanjay Prajapati, and Poornima Mittal.

Description: Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2016015291 | ISBN 9781498736534 (hardcover : alk. paper)

Subjects: LCSH: Thin film transistors. | Organic semiconductors. | Organic thin films.

Classification: LCC TK7871.96.T45 K38 2017 | DDC 621.3815/28--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016015291

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Contents

Significant developments have been made in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) since the mid-1990s. Over the last decade, aggressive efforts have been made to develop high-performance, lightweight, flexible organic electronic circuits. Undoubtedly, organic electronics foresee a range of vital and high-end applications, such as flexible displays, static random access memory (SRAM), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), radio frequency identification (RFID) tags, sensors, solar cells, photovoltaic cells, and flexible and disposable organic integrated circuits. This became possible due to their cost-effective, low temperature, and easy fabrication process for the production of large-area electronic applications. Since organic materials can be deposited at lower temperature, they provide a strong compatibility with the flexible substrates including plastic, paper, fiber, foil, and even smart cloth in comparison to their inorganic counterparts. OTFT, the most prominent device among the organic devices, is now exhibiting much higher or comparable performance to hydrogenated amorphous silicon TFTs (a-Si:H TFTs) commonly used as the pixel drivers in active matrix flat-panel displays (AMFPDs). These additional degrees of freedom for the OTFTs raise two main concerns: first, how to select the most suitable OTFT platform for a specific application and, second, how to estimate its potential in organic analog and digital circuits. These queries have been dealt thoroughly in this book.

This book provides a comprehensive review of the theory behind organic electronics development, covering most recent aspects from material to device physics. It discusses various organic materials used in different layers of OTFT, charge transport phenomenon, and analytical models of single gate in top- and bottom-contact OTFT structures. Moreover, this book discusses the impact of thickness variation of organic semiconductor and dielectric materials. Additionally, single gate (SG), dual gate (DG), cylindrical gate (CG), and vertical channel OTFT devices are reviewed in terms of their structure, characteristics, and performance parameters. The SG and DG OTFTs are analytically modeled, and their application as organic inverters, logic gates, flip-flops, and multiplexers are presented. This book also discusses organic all-p, complementary, and hybrid complementary configurations of inverter circuits as well as SRAM cell designs in terms of their static noise margin (SNM), gain, propagation delay, read stability, and write ability. This book is classified in two main sections: Section I covers organic device physics and modeling conceptions, and Section II discusses their digital circuit applications using SG and DG OTFT structures along with different configurations. The book consists of 10 chapters dealing with different aspects of organic materials, devices, circuits, and applications.

provides an insight into the organic light-emitting transistor (OLET). Moreover, basic operation of OLETs, usage of different active organic materials, and different optical, electrical, and thermal properties of OLETs are discussed.

At the commencement of Section II, concludes the journey with an outline of the applications of organic devices and a discussion about future perspectives and thrust areas of research in organic electronics.

All the chapters are supported with multiple choice, short and descriptive answer type questions, and numerical problems (given at the end of the chapter). The Appendix includes complete simulation codes for realizing single and dual gate OTFT based inverters, 2-to-1 multiplexer, SR latch, and SRAM cell.

We would like to express our gratitude to Professor Ramgopal Rao, Director, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi; Professor Y. S. Negi, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; Deepa Saini, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University; Anil Kumar Baliga, Shubham Negi, Arun Pratap Singh Rathod, Srishti, Yamini Pandey, Aanchal Verma, Akanksha Uniyal, and Kamlesh Kukreti, Graphic Era University, for their kind support in completing this book.

Brajesh Kumar Kaushik

Brijesh Kumar

Sanjay Prajapati

Poornima Mittal