Derek Nurse - The Bantu Languages

THE

BANTU

LANGUAGES

ROUTLEDGE LANGUAGE FAMILY SERIES

Each volume provides a detailed, reliable account of every member language, or representative languages of a particular family. Each account is a reliable source of data, arranged according to the natural system of classification: phonology, morphology, syntax, lexis, semantics, dialectology and socio-linguistics. Each volume is designed to be the essential source of reference for a particular linguistic community, as well as for linguists working on typology and syntax.

The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar

Edited by Nikolaus Himmelmann & Sander Adelaar

The Bantu Languages

Edited by Derek Nurse & Grard Philippson

The Celtic Languages

Edited by Martin Ball & James Fife

The Dravidian Languages

Edited by Sanford B. Steever

The Germanic Languages

Edited by Johan van der Anwera & Ekkehard Knig

The Indo-Aryan Languages

Edited by George Cardona & Dhanesh Jain

The Indo-European Languages

Edited by Paolo Ramat & Anna Giacalone

The Iranian Languages

Edited by Gernot Windfuhr

The Khoesan Languages

Edited by Rainer Vossen

The Manchu-Tungusic Languages

Edited by Alexander Vovin

The Mongolic Languages

Edited by Juha Janhunen

The Oceanic Languages

Edited by John Lynch, Malcolm Ross & Terry Crowley

The Romance Languages

Edited by Martin Harris & Nigel Vincent

The Semitic Languages

Edited by Robert Hetzron

The Sino-Tibetan Languages

Edited by Graham Thurgood & Randy LaPolla

The Slavonic Languages

Edited by Bernard Comrie & Greville B. Corbett

The Turkic Languages

Edited by Lars Johanson & Eva Csato

The Uralic Languages

Edited by Daniel Abondolo

THE

BANTU

LANGUAGES

Edited by Derek Nurse and Grard Philippson

First published 2003

by Routledge

Published 2014 by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada

by Routledge

711 Third Avenue, New York, NY, 10017, USA

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

Selection and editorial matter 2003 Derek Nurse and Grard Philippson;

individual chapters the contributors

Typeset in Times New Roman by

Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd, Chennai, India

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

The Bantu languages/edited by Derek Nurse and Grard Philippson.

p. cm (Routledge language family series; 4)

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

1. Bantu languages. I. Nurse, Derek, II. Philippson, Grard. III. Series.

PL8025 .B35 2003

496.39dc21

2002068231

ISBN 13: 978-0-700-71134-5 (hbk)

ISBN 13: 978-0-415-41265-0 (pbk)

CONTENTS

Derek Nurse and Grard Philippson

Ian Maddieson

Larry M. Hyman

Charles Kisseberth and David Odden

Thilo C. Schadeberg

Derek Nurse

Francis Katamba

Thomas Bearth

Thilo C. Schadeberg

Derek Nurse and Grard Philippson

Tom Gldemann

Salikoko S. Mufwene

Katherine Demuth

John R. Watters

Larry M. Hyman

Maarten Mous

Gladys Guarisma

Teresa Heath

Claire Grgoire

Lolke J. van der Veen

Myles Leitch

Robert Botne

Constance Kutsch Lojenga

Grard Philippson and Marie-Laure Montlahuc

Yvonne Bastin

David Odden

Charles Kisseberth

Gabriele Sommer

Edward D. Elderkin

Derek Gowlett

Jouni Maho

MAPS

FIGURES

TABLES

Yvonne Bastin, Royal Museum of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium

Thomas Bearth, University of Zurich, Switzerland

Robert Botne, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA

Katherine Demuth, Brown University, Providence, USA

Edward D. Elderkin, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia

Derek Gowlett, University of Cape Town, South Africa

Claire Grgoire, Royal Museum of Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium

Gladys Guarisma, Laboratoire de Langues et Civilisations Tradition Orale, Villejuif, France

Tom Gldemann, University of Leipzig, Germany

Teresa Heath, SIL

Larry M. Hyman, University of California, Berkeley, USA

Francis Katamba, University of Lancaster, UK

Charles Kisseberth, Tel Aviv University, Israel

Myles Leitch, SIL

Constance Kutsch Lojenga, University of Leiden, The Netherlands

Ian Maddieson, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

Jouni Maho, Gteborg University, Sweden

Marie-Laure Montlahuc, INALCO, Paris, France

Maarten Mous, University of Leiden, The Netherlands

Salikoko S. Mufwene, University of Chicago, USA

Derek Nurse, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada

David Odden, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA

Grard Philippson, INALCO, Paris, France

Thilo C. Schadeberg, University of Leiden, The Netherlands

Gabriele Sommer, University of Bayreuth, Germany

Lolke J. van der Veen, University of Lyon II, France

John R. Watters, SIL

The Bantu area was divided by Guthrie into fifteen zones, lettered A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, L, M, N, P, R, S. Tervuren scholars added a sixteenth, J, drawn from parts of D and E (leading to abbreviations such as DJ, EJ, or JD, JE). So one of these capital letters may refer to a zone. The zones are further broken down into groups, referred to by numbers, thus, A10, A11, A12, A13, etc. See, .

Many of the lower case abbreviations in this list may also occur as capitals.