Technology - Coding in logo

Published byCamboard at Smashwords. www.camboard.com Coding in Logois a book designed to help children learn about Logo and use thispopular language to draw basic shapes and learn about coding. Coding in Logowill prove useful for guiding the pupil through drawing simplelines and basic shapes. Coding in Logocovers the basic Logo style commands and also includes sections onprocedures, variables and mathematical operators. Coding in Logoguides the pupil through drawing shapes with the screen turtle. Coding in Logouses VR Logo for all logo coding.

Copyright 2016 CamboardTechnology ALL RIGHTSRESERVED. No part of this eBook may be reproduced, duplicated,given away, transmitted or resold in any form without written priorpermission from the publisher. Limit ofLiability and Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher has used itsbest efforts in preparing this book, and the information providedherein is provided "as is." Camboard Technology makes norepresentation or warranties with respect to the accuracy orcompleteness of the contents of this e-book and specificallydisclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness forany particular purpose and shall in no event be liable for any lossof profit or any other commercial damage, including but not limitedto special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Trademarks:This e-book identifies product names and services known to betrademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of theirrespective holders. They are used throughout this e-book in aneditorial fashion only. In addition, terms suspected of beingtrademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks have beenappropriately capitalized, although Camboard Technology cannotattest to the accuracy of this information.

Use of a term in thisbook should not be regarded as affecting the validity of anytrademark, registered trademark, or service mark. CamboardTechnology is not associated with any product or vendor mentionedin this book. All trademarksacknowledged 1.Introduction Logo is a popular computerlanguage invented in the USA, and popularised by Seymour Papert.Logo is used to introduce the basics of programming and control ofa screen turtle. This book isbased on VR Logo a 3D based Logo program. The program isproduced by Camboard Technology. www.camboard.com VR Logo is aflexible logo graphics program that introduces children to one ofthe most popular computer programming languages.

VR Logo combinesturtle graphics with a simplified version of Logo. Simple commandsinstruct the on-screen turtle where to move. VR Logo uses 3Dvirtual reality graphics. This enables a more realistic view of theturtle and graphics. VR Logo uses Direct X technology this meansgraphics will look different to older style 2D logo programs. Logo is acomputer language which when used with a screen turtle will directthe turtle around the screen and draw nearly any shape or patternwe want.

The turtle sitson a base in the draw window. Clicking on the window with the lefthand mouse button and holding it down allows the viewing angle tobe changed. The turtle faces us. All commandsare based on the turtles viewpoint. Commands are typed into the Commands window.Each time you enter a command press the return key or click on theRun Command icon. The Draw window is where the turtle residesand all drawing takes place in this window.

The turtle is situatedon a semi transparent base. Drawing takes place over the base. This basecan be hidden by selecting Show Base from the Options menu. Drawing can take place outside of thebase. By clicking over the window with the left mouse button andholding it down, the base can be rotated and flippedover. Drawings can then be seen fromunderneath.

The arrow keys on your keyboard enable thebase to move up or down, left or right. Moving forwards Logo uses special command wordslike FORWARDBACK . These are entered into the white commandswhite. All command words are shown in capital letters. The screen turtle is always in the Drawwindow and this is where our drawings will appear. Underneath our turtle is animaginary pen, which draws as the turtle moves.

The most basic Logo commands are FORWARD and BACK . These make the turtle move forward orbackward on the screen. The computer will need to know how much tomove the turtle, so after the FORWARD or BACK commands wetype in a number which moves the turtle. Type in FORWARD 10 and press the return key. The turtle will move towards us drawing aline. Moving backwards The BACK command moves the turtle, as you might have guessedbackwards! This command also has a number after it. Moving backwards The BACK command moves the turtle, as you might have guessedbackwards! This command also has a number after it.

Type in: BACK 40 The turtle moves back. Turning right and left Other common Logo commands are RIGHT and LEFT . These commands also need a number afterthem. This time the number informs the turtle how many degrees toturn by. We can make the turtle turn from 1 to 360degrees. Type in: LEFT 90 The turtle turns to the left by 90degrees. Type in: RIGHT 360 The turtle has not moved from its originalposition, as there are 360 degrees in a complete revolution. Type in: RIGHT 90 FORWARD 20 The turtle draws a horizontal line acrossthe screen.

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