Unconditional Surrender
Karl Dnitz in the witness box at the International Military Tribunal, Nuremberg, 1946.
Unconditional
Surrender
A Memoir of the Last Days
of the Third Reich and the
Dnitz Administration
Walter Ldde-Neurath
Foreword by Jrgen Rohwer
Translation by Geoffrey Brooks
Frontline Books, London
NAVAL INSTITUTE PRESS
Annapolis, Maryland
This edition published in 2010 by Frontline Books, an imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 47 Church Street, Barnsley,
S. Yorkshire, S70 2AS.
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Published and distributed in the United States and Canada by the
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Authorised translation of the German edition, published by
Muster-Schmidt Verlag.
Copyright Muster-Schmidt Verlag, 1964
This edition Pen & Sword Books Ltd., 2010
Foreword copyright Jrgen Rohwer, 2010
UK edition: ISBN 978-1-84832-568-5
US edition: ISBN 978-1-59114-894-4
PUBLISHING HISTORY
Regierung Dnitz: die letzten Tage des Dritten Reiches was originally published
in 1950 by Muster-Schmidt Verlag (Gttingen). A second edition was released in
1953. In 1964, following the release of new documentary
evidence, a third expanded edition was published with supplementary
material by Professor Walter Baum, which is included in this new
edition. This is the first English-language translation and includes a
new foreword by Jrgen Rohwer and a new plate section.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced
into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means
(electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without
the prior written permission of the publisher. Any person who does
any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to
criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
CIP data records for this title are available from the British Library
and the Library of Congress.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2010927716
Typeset by Mac Style, Beverley, E. Yorkshire
Printed in Great Britain by MPG Books Limited
Contents
(plates between pages 78 and 79)
16 Dec 1944 | The German Ardennes offensive begins. |
12 Jan 1945 | Major Soviet offensive breaks through the central section of the main German front at Baranov. The German Vistula Front collapses. |
7 Mar 1945 | The Germans lose the Rhine bridge at Remagen. |
15 Apr 1945 | Hitler issues his order for the division of the Reich into two parts (Dnitz North, Kesselring South). |
16 Apr 1945 | Major Soviet offensive on the Oder Front. |
19 Apr 1945 | Soviets break through at Wriezen and Mncheberg. The Battle for Berlin begins. |
20 Apr 1945 | Dnitz becomes Commander-in-Chief North (). Russian artillery bombards Berlin. |
21 Apr 1945 | Last meeting between Hitler and Dnitz, who is released to defend the northern region. |
22 Apr 1945 | Dnitz transfers from Berlin to Pln/Holstein. Hitler resolves to remain in Berlin. |
23 Apr 1945 | Grings treason: Generalfeldmarschall Ritter von Greim is made Commander-in-Chief Luftwaffe. |
24 Apr 1945 | OKW (Keitel, Jodl) transfers from Berlin to Rheinsberg. Berlin is surrounded. |
25 Apr 1945 | Speers last visit to Hitler: afterwards he returns to Dnitz. |
27 Apr 1945 | Dnitz, Himmler, Keitel and Jodl meet at Rheinsberg. The effort to relieve Berlin fails. |
29 Apr 1945 | Hitler signs his Last Will and Testament (). |
30 Apr 1945 | Early: Bormanns signal about Himmlers treason. ). 1530 hrs: Hitler commits suicide. 1835 hrs: Receipt of signal regarding Dnitzs nomination to succeed Hitler (). |
1 May 1945 | 1053 hrs: Signal Testament in force (). 1518 hrs: Signal Fhrer deceased yesterday (). Dnitz broadcasts to the nation. Foreign Minister Ribbentrop dismissed. |
2 May 1945 | Heeresgruppe Sd-west (Italy) capitulates. British and US forces reach the Baltic Sea. Capitulation talks with the Western Powers. Transfer of HQ to Flensburg. Reich Government resigns. |
3 May 1945 | Admiral von Friedeburg negotiates capitulation with Montgomery. Discussions at HQ, about the occupied territories. |
4 May 1945 | Partial capitulation of the German North region, Holland and Denmark is signed (). U-boat war suspended. U-boats in German waters are scuttled. |
5 May 1945 | 0800 hrs: Partial capitulation in force. Werwolf called off. Von Friedeburg negotiates at Eisenhowers HQ. Caretaker Reich Government formed under leadership of Reichsminister Graf Schwerin von Krosigk. |
6 May 1945 | Jodl negotiates at Eisenhowers HQ. Himmler relieved of all offices. |
7 May 1945 | 0241 hrs: Acceptance of unconditional surrender at Rheims. 1245 hrs: Schwerin von Krosigk broadcasts to the nation (). |
8 May 1945 | Instrument of capitulation ratified at Berlin-Karlshorst (). Dnitz broadcasts to the nation (). |
9 May 1945 | 0001 hrs: The guns fall silent. |
11 May 1945 | The Allied Control Commission at OKW establishes channels to the Government and OKW. |
13 May 1945 | Generalfeldmarschall Keitel arrested. Generaloberst Jodl heads OKW. |
17 May 1945 | The Russian Staff of the Control Commission meets in Flensburg. |
23 May 1945 | The Caretaker Reich Government is disbanded (), its members arrested and taken off to Bad Mondorf, Luxembourg. |
5 Jun 1945 | Allied declaration of the capitulation of Germany (). |
Walter Ldde-Neurath was born on 15 June 1914 at Hningen, a small village in Alsace. He passed his Abitur from his high grammar school at Grlitz in Eastern Saxonia in 1932. The following year he joined the Reichsmarine as an officer candidate. After training he was commissioned as Leutnant zur See in October 1936. He served mostly in torpedo boats and destroyers. From March 1939 to September 1941 he was torpedo officer on the newly commissioned destroyer Karl Galster. From the beginning of the war to the invasion of Norway the Karl Galster was involved in laying the Westwall defensive minefields and then several offensive minefields off the east coast of England, and also escorted capital ships during some forays into the northern North Sea and in June/July into the Arctic and the Iceland-Faeroes Passage. In September the Karl Galster was transferred first to Cherbourg with other destroyers and then to Brest and participated in mine-laying operations in the Bristol Channel and forays against shipping off the south coast of England. At the end of November there was an action with the British 5th Destroyer Flotilla, in which the destroyer HMS