I received a great deal of assistance from librarians and historians in gathering all the material needed to put this book together and would like to single out a few individuals who went out of their way to help me out.
I would like to thank Jeffrey Bridgers at the Library of Congress for his assistance with photos.
Dr. James Cornelius of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum was also a great help. Among other things, Dr. Cornelius informed me that one dollar in 1860s currency was worth forty dollars in current US currency. He also gave me a bit of insight regarding the story about Lincoln's comments on U. S. Grant's fondness for the bottle, which turned out to be more intriguing than the original story.
Also, many sincere thanks go out to the staff of the Union, NJ, public library. Thank you to Laura, Eileen, Denise, Susan, and all of their colleagues for their assistance.
And last, but certainly not least, many thanks to Laura Libby for all of her help and understanding, and for putting up with me while I was refighting all those battles in Virginia.
A good many books, papers, articles, and reports were consulted during the preparation of this book: everything from medical journal reports on General Lee's heart condition to recent biographies of Lee and Grant to diaries and letters from those who were present during the events described to the invaluable Official Records, which was first published in 1900.
This Select Bibliography is just thata listing of selected sources that were referred to most often. It is not a complete bibliography, and is not meant to be. A complete listing would go on for many more pages, and would be much too long to be included here.
Abraham Lincoln Papers. Library of Congress. Transcribed and Annotated by the Lincoln Studies Center, Knox College. Galesburg, Illinois.
Allen, Stanton P. Down in Dixie: Life in a Cavalry Regiment in the War Days, From the Wilderness to Appomattox. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1893.
Badeau, Adam. Military History of Ulysses S. Grant. 3 vols. New York: D. Appleton, 1895.
Ballard, Brigadier General Colin R. The Military Genius of Abraham Lincoln. Cleveland: World, 1926.
Bartlett, A. W. History of the Twelfth Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion. Concord, NH: Ira C. Evans, 1897.
Bicknell, Reverend George W. History of the 5th Regiment Maine Volunteers. Portland, ME: Hall L. Davis, 1871.
Blackford, Lieutenant Colonel W. W. War Years With Jeb Stuart. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1945.
Blount, Roy, Jr. Making Sense of Robert E. Lee. Smithsonian Magazine. July 2003. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/making-sense-of-robert-e-lee-85017563/.
. Robert E. Lee. New York: Viking/Penguin, 2003.
Bonekemper, Edward. A Victor Not a Butcher. Washington, DC: Regnery, 2004.
Boyd, Thomas. Light-Horse Harry Lee. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1931.
Brinton, John H. Personal Memoirs of John H. Brinton. New York: Neale, 1914.
Carelson, Oliver. The Man Who Made News: James Gordon Bennett. New York: Duell, Sloan and Pierce, 1942.
Catton, Bruce. Glory Road. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1952.
. Grant Takes Command. Boston: Little, Brown, 1969.
. A Stillness at Appomattox. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1953.
. This Hallowed Ground. Edison, NJ: Castle Books, 2002.
. U. S. Grant and the American Military Tradition. Boston: Little, Brown, 1954.
Chamberlain, Joshua Lawrence. The Passing of the Armies. Gettysburg, PA: Stan Clark Military Books, 1994.
Churchill, Winston S. A History of the English Speaking Peoples. Vol. 4, The Great Democracies. New York: Dodd, Meade, 1958.
Cramer, Jesse Grant. Letters of Ulysses S. Grant to His Father and His Youngest Sister, 185778. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1912.
Davis, Charles E., Jr. Three Years in the Army: The Story of the Thirteenth Massachusetts Volunteers. Boston: Estes and Lauriat, 1894.
Davis, Jefferson. The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government. 2 vols. Richmond, VA: Garrett and Massie, 1938.
Donald, David Herbert. Lincoln. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.
Dowdey, Clifford, ed. The Wartime Papers of Robert E. Lee. Boston: Little, Brown, 1961.
Dowdey, Clifford. Lee's Last Campaign. New York: Bonanza Books, 1960.
Dugard, Martin. The Training Ground: Grant, Lee, Sherman, and Davis in the Mexican War, 18461848. New York: Little, Brown, 2008.
Elson's New History. Springfield, MA: Patriot, 1912.
Flood, Charles Bracelen. Grant and Sherman: The Friendship That Won the Civil War. New York: Farrar, Straus, Giroux, 2005.
Fox, William L. Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, 18611865. Albany, NY: Albany, 1889.
Freeman, Douglas Southall, ed. Lee's Dispatches: Unpublished Letters of General Robert E. Lee. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 1994.
Freeman, Douglas Southall. Robert E. Lee. 4 vols. New York: Scribner's, 1934.
Fritz, Jean. Stonewall. New York: G. P. Putnam, 1979.
Fuller, J. F. C. Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship. Bloomington, IN: University of Indiana Press, 1957.
Gallagher, Gary W., ed. The Wilderness Campaign. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.
Galloway, G. Norton. Hand-to-Hand Fighting at Spotsylvania. In Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, edited by Robert Underwood Johnson and Clarence Clough Buel, pp. 17074. New York: Century, 1887.
Gordon, General John B. Reminiscences of the Civil War. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1903.
Grant, Frederick Dent. Reminiscences of General U. S. Grant, Read Before Illinois Commandery Loyal Legion of the United States, January 27, 1910. Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 7, no. 1 (April 1914): 7276.
Grant, Ulysses S. The Personal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant. Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky & Konecky, 1992.
Hyde, Brevet Brigadier General Thomas W. Following the Greek Cross. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1894.
Johnson, Robert Underwood, and Clarence Clough Buel, eds. Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. 4 vols. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1956.
Jones, J. B. A Rebel War Clerk's Diary at the Confederate States Capital. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1866.
Jones, J. William. Personal Reminiscences, Anecdotes, and Letters of General Robert E. Lee. New York: D. Appleton, 1875.
Lee, Robert E., Jr., comp. Recollections and Letters of Robert E. Lee. New York: Barnes and Noble, 2004.
Long, A. L. Memoirs of Robert E. Lee. Secaucus, NJ: Blue and Grey, 1983.
Longacre, Edward G. General Ulysses S. Grant: The Soldier and the Man. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books, 2006.
Longstreet, James. From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America. New York: Konecky & Konecky, 1992.
Lyman, Theodore Meade's Headquarters, 18631865: Letters of Colonel Theodore Lyman from the Wilderness to Appomattox. Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1922.
Maihafer, Harry J. War of Words: Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War Press. Washington, DC: Brassey's, 2001.
Marshall, Charles. An Aide de Camp of Lee. Boston: Little, Brown, 1920.