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Bicheno Hugh - Battle royal: the Wars of the Roses, 1440-1462

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Bicheno Hugh Battle royal: the Wars of the Roses, 1440-1462

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The enthralling story of the dynastic wars fought between the houses of Lancaster and York, the first of a two-volume history of the Wars of the Roses. England, 1454. A kingdom sliding into chaos. The mentally unstable King Henry VI, having struggled for a decade to contain the violent feuding of his dukes, is losing his mind. Disgruntled nobles support the regal claims of Richard, Duke of York, great-grandson of Edward III. The stage is set for civil war. The first volume of an enthralling two-part history of the dynastic wars fought between the houses of Lancaster and York, Battle Royal traces the conflict from its roots in the 1440s to the early 1460s-- a period marked by the rise and fall of Richard of York, the deposition of Henry VI following the Lancastrian defeat at Towton, and the subsequent seizure of his throne by Richards son Edward. Populating this late-medieval saga of ambition, intrigue, and bloodshed are such fascinating characters as the vacillating Henry VI himself, his indefatigable queen Marguerite of Anjou, Richard of York (father of kings but never king himself), his opportunist ally Richard Neville the Kingmaker and the precociously virile Edward of York. Charting a clear course through the dynastic complexities of fifteenth-century power politics, and offering crisply authoritative analysis of the key battles of the Wars of the Roses, Battle Royal is a dynamic and rigorously researched account of Englands longest and bloodiest civil war.--Dust jacket flap.

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BATTLE ROYAL THE WARS OF THE ROSES 14401462 HUGH BICHENO To George R R - photo 1

BATTLE
ROYAL

THE WARS OF THE ROSES: 14401462

HUGH BICHENO

To George R R Martin for the inspiration and for creating a compelling - photo 2

To George R. R. Martin for the inspiration and for creating a compelling parallel world.

In particular I want to thank:

Ian Drury, agent extraordinaire, who encouraged me to develop the idea of writing The Real Game of Thrones;

Dr Tobias Capwell FSA, Curator of Arms and Armour at the Wallace Collection, for sharing his unique expertise on medieval warfare;

My sister Lyn McMeekin for patiently beta-reading the manuscript;

Richard Milbank, non-fiction publisher at Head of Zeus, for comprehensive editing;

Annabel Warren of Whitefox, only the second copy editor ever to add value to my books.

Many others you know who you are have helped me in many ways and I thank you all.

FOR KATTY

Grace under pressure





KG = Knight of the Garter k. = killed in battle

DUKES

Date createdNameDatesComments
York (1385)Richard Plantagenet, KG, 3rd duke142660k. Wakefield
Edward, Earl of March14601Merged with Crown
Norfolk (1397)John Mowbray, KG, 3rd duke143261
John Mowbray, 4th duke146176
Gloucester (1414)Humphrey of Lancaster, KG141447Extinct
Exeter (1416)John Holland, KG, 2nd duke143947
Henry Holland, 3rd duke144761Attainted
Somerset (1443)John Beaufort, KG14434Extinct
Buckingham (1444)Humphrey Stafford, KG144460k. Northampton
Henry Stafford, 2nd duke146083
Warwick (1445)Henry Beauchamp14456Extinct
Somerset (1448)Edmund Beaufort, KG144855k. St Albans
Henry Beaufort, 2nd duke145561Attainted
Suffolk (1448)William de la Pole, KG144850Murdered, forfeit
Clarence (1461)George Plantagenet146178
Gloucester (1461)Richard Plantagenet146183

Also Earl of Nottingham, Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave.

MARCHER LORDSHIP

Glamorgan (1439)Henry Beauchamp143946See Duke of Warwick
Glamorgan (1449)Richard Neville, KG144971See Earl of Warwick

MARQUESSES

Dorset (1442)Edmund Beaufort, KG144255See Duke of Somerset
Suffolk (1444)William de la Pole, KG144450See Duke of Suffolk

EARLS

Warwick (1088)Richard Beauchamp, 13th earl140139
Henry Beauchamp, 14th earl143946See Duke of Warwick
Anne Beauchamp, 15th countess14468Daughter of duke
Anne Beauchamp, 16th countess144892Sister of duke
Richard Neville (son), KG, 16th earl144971
Arundel (1138)William FitzAlan, 16th earl143887
Oxford (1142)John Vere, 12th earl141762Executed
March (1328)Richard Plantagenet, KG, 6th earl142545See Duke of York
Edward Plantagenet, 7th earl144561Merged with Crown
Devon (1335)Thomas Courtenay, 5th earl142258
Thomas Courtenay, 6th earl145861Executed, attainted
Salisbury (1337)Alice Montacute, 5th countess142862
Richard Neville (father), KG, 5th earl144260k. Wakefield
Richard Neville, KG, 6th earl146171
Stafford (1351)Humphrey Stafford, KG, 6th earl140344Eldest sons of the dukes of Buckingham
Humphrey Stafford, 7th earl144458
Henry Stafford, 8th earl145883
Suffolk (1385)William de la Pole, KG, 4th earl141550See Duke of Suffolk
John de la Pole, KG, 5th earl145092
Rutland (1385)Richard Plantagenet, KG, 2nd earl141545See Duke of York
Edmund Pantagenet, 3rd earl144560k. Wakefield, extinct
Huntington (1387)John Holland, 3rd earl141747See Duke of Exeter
Henry Holland, 4th earl144761Attainted
Somerset (1387)John Beaufort, KG, 3rd earl141844See Duke of Somerset
Westmorland (1397)Ralph Neville, 1st earl13971425
Ralph Neville, 2nd earl142584Dementia from c.1459
Pembroke (1414)Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester141447Extinct
Northumberland (1416)Henry Percy141655k. St Albans
Henry Percy, 2nd earl145561k. Towton, attainted
Cambridge (1426)Richard Plantagenet, KG, 2nd earl142645See Duke of York
Edward Plantagenet, 3rd earl144561Merged with Crown
Dorset (1441)Edmund Beaufort, KG144255See Duke of Somerset
Henry Beaufort145561Attainted
Shrewsbury (1442)John Talbot, KG144253k. Castillon
John Talbot, KG, 2nd earl145360k. Northampton
John Talbot, 3rd earl146073
Kendal(1443)John Beaufort, KG14434See Duke of Somerset
Somerset (1444)Edmund Beaufort144455See Duke of Somerset
Kendal(1446)Jean de Foix, KG, Captal de Buch144662Resigned
Pembroke (1447)William de la Pole, KG144750See Duke of Suffolk
Gloucester (1448)William de la Pole, KG144850See Duke of Suffolk
Wiltshire (1449)James Butler, KG, Earl of Ormonde144661Executed, attainted
Worcester (1449)John Tiptoft, KG144970
Surrey (1451)John Mowbray145176See Duke of Norfolk
Richmond (1452)Edmund Tudor14526
Henry Tudor, 2nd earl145661Forfeit
Pembroke (1452)Jasper Tudor, KG145261Attainted
Essex (1461)Henry Bourchier, KG146183
Kent (1461)William Neville, KG14613
Pembroke (1461)William Herbert, KG14619

VISCOUNTS

Beaumont (1440)John Beaumont, KG144060k. Northampton
William Beaumont, 2nd viscount14601Attainted
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