Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, by Maria Cosway,
1782. Georgiana, aged twenty-five, is portrayed as the goddess
Diana, flying through the clouds.
CONTENTS
NOTES
1: DBUTANTE
1 Carlisle MSS J18/20/95: GD to Lady Georgiana Morpeth, August 1799.
2 L. Dutens, Memoirs of a Traveller in Retirement (London 1806), IV, p. 209.
3 Spencer MSS at Althorp: Mrs. Spencer to Thea Cowper, Sept. 30, 1758.
4 Chatsworth MSS [henceforth Chatsworth] 22: Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire [GD] to Lady Spencer [LS], Sept. 23, 1774.
5 E. S. de Beer, ed., The Diary of John Evelyn (Oxford 1959), p. 886.
6 Joseph Friedman, Spencer House: The Chronicle of a Great London Mansion (London 1993), p. 194.
7 D. Douglas, ed., The Letters and Journals of Lady Mary Coke (Edinburgh 188996), I, p. 96.
8 Brian Connell, Portrait of a Whig Peer (London 1957), pp. 467.
9 BL Althorp MSS [henceforth BL Al-thorp] F122: Miss Georgiana Poyntz to Miss Thea Cowper, [1754].
10 Lady Llanover, ed., The Autobiography and Correspondence of Mary Granville, Mrs Delany (London 18612), IV, p. 186.
11 Friedman, Spencer House, p. 55.
12 Brian Masters, Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (London 1981), p. 4.
13 A. Aspinall and Lord Bessborough, eds., Lady Bessborough and Her Family Circle (London 1940), p. 23.
14 Ibid., p. 27.
15 BL Althorp F40: LS to first Earl Spencer, [Oct. 26, 1769].
16 BL Althorp F37: LS to GD, July 17 [1768].
17 Lawrence Stone, The Family, Sex and Marriage in England 15001800 (London 1979), p. 276.
18 BL Althorp F183: Althorp household accounts.
19 Chatsworth 7: Lord Althorp to GD, April 14, 1773.
20 BL Althorp F40: GD to first Earl and Countess Spencer, March 16, 1764.
21 W. T. Whiteley, Artists and Their Friends in England 17001799 (London 1928), II, p. 397.
22 Connell, Portrait of a Whig Peer, p. 51.
23 Spencer MSS at Althorp House: diary of Mrs. Poyntz, August 27, 1763.
24 Ibid., June 30, 1764.
25 Ibid., July 10, 1764.
26 BL Althorp F122: LS to Thea Cow-per, July 1764.
27 BL Althorp F122: LS to Thea Cow-per, Dec. 7, 1765.
28 BL Althorp F40: GD to LS, Feb. 29 [1766]. Note the juxtaposition in the following sentence: Bettys child is dead But she is very well my grand-mamma went to Wimbleton [sic] this morning and found my sisters Hariot and Charlote very well. It is very common for children surprised by a new arrival to fantasize about its removal. The fact that Georgiana linked the death of Bettys child with Harriet and Charlotte being well suggests the turn of her thoughts.
29 Chatsworth C.2014: diary of Lady Spencer.
30 BL Althorp F122: LS to Thea Cow-per, Nov. 21, 1766.
31 SNRA Douglas-Home MSS TD95/54: diary of Lady Mary Coke, August 8, 1787.
32 Aspinall and Lord Bessborough, Lady Bessborough, p. 23.
33 Ibid., p. 20.
34 Althorp F37: LS to GD, July 30, 1769.
35 Ibid.
36 BL Althorp F42: LS to Mrs. Howe, Nov. 29 [1769].
37 BL Althorp F122: LS to Thea Cow-per, Nov. 29, 1771.
38 Chatsworth 9: E. Carter to Hon. Mrs. Howe, Oct. 14, 1773.
39 Evelyn Farr, Before the Deluge, Parisian Society in the Reign of Louis XVI (London 1994), p. 73.
40 Henry Wheatley, The Historical and Posthumous Memoirs of Sir Nathaniel Wraxall (London 1884), II, p. 344.
41 Sir George Leveson Gower and Iris Palmer, eds., Harry-O: The Letters of Lady Harriet Cavendish (London 1940), p. 249.
42 Wheatley, Historical and Posthumous Memoirs, I, pp. 11314.
43 Lady Llanover, Mary Granville, Mrs Delany, III, p. 584.
44 Morning Herald and Daily Advertiser, Saturday March 30, 1782.
45 Chatsworth 36: first Earl Spencer to GD, Oct. 26, 1774.
46 Chatsworth 13: Miss Georgiana Ship-ley to GD, Feb. 22, 1773.
47 Chatsworth 12: LS to Mrs. Henry, Jan. 31, 1774.
48 Randolph E. Trumbach, The Rise of the Egalitarian Family (New York 1978), p. 97.
49 Chatsworth 12: LS to Mrs. Henry, May 15, 1774.
50 Chatsworth 11: LS to GD, Nov. 26, 1773.
51 Chatsworth 10: LS to GD, Nov. 21, 1773.
52 Elizabeth and Florence Anson, eds., Mary Hamilton at Court and at Home (London 1925), p. 27.
53 Lady Llanover, Mary Granville, Mrs Delany, IV, p. 587.
54 BL Althorp F183: bills and accounts for 1774.
55 Lady Llanover, Mary Granville, Mrs Delany, IV, pp. 5934.
56 Charlotte Spencers papers have not survived and there is only scant information about her.
2: FASHIONS FAVOURITE
1 Georgianas jewellery was a present from the Duke. The earrings alone, consisting of a large single-drop diamond each, cost 3,994 and newspapers speculated that the entire ensemble was worth over 10,000.
2 SNRA Douglas-Home MSS TD95/54: diary of Lady Mary Coke, June 23, 1774.
3 Andr Parreaux, trans. Carola Con-greve, Daily Life in England in the Reign of George III (London 1969), p. 45.
4 Andrew C. Bruyn, The Torrington Diaries (London 1935), I, p. 37.
5 Mark Girouard, Life in the English Country House (London 1978), p. 194.
6 Althorp House MSS: diary of Mrs. Poyntz, July 26, 1764.
7 Chatsworth 20: LS to GD, Sept. 22, 1774.
8 Chatsworth 21: GD to LS, Sept. 23, 1774.
9 Chatsworth 23: LS to GD, Sept. 25, 1774.
10 Chatsworth 28: GD to LS, Oct. 915, 1774.
11 Chatsworth 43: GD to LS, Nov. 611, 1774.
12 Chatsworth 648: GD to LS, Sept. 22, 1784.
13 F. OGorman, The Rise of Party in England. The Rockingham Whigs 17601782 (London 1975), p. 429.
14 Chatsworth 28: GD to LS, Oct. 9, 1774.
15 Chatsworth 32: GD to LS, Oct. 16, 1774.
16 Chatsworth, Currs Lists, 86/Compartment I: Ben Granger to Unknown, Nov. 3, 1774. Also, F. OGorman, Voters, Patrons and Parties: The Unreformed Electorate of Hanoverian England, 17341832 (Oxford 1989), p. 61.
17 Chatsworth 29: LS to GD, Oct. 1114, 1774.
18 Chatsworth 27: LS to GD, Oct. 9, 1774.
19 Chatsworth 49: GD to LS, Nov. 24, 1774.
20 Chatsworth 37: LS to GD, Oct. 27, 1774.
21 Ibid.
22 Chatsworth 58: GD to LS, Dec. 11, 1774.