OTHER BOOKS BY PETER WATSON
NON-FICTION
War on the Mind
Twins
The Caravaggio Conspiracy
Wisdom & Strength
From Manhattan to Manet: The Rise of the Modern Art Market
Nureyev
FICTION
The Nazis Wife
Crusade
Landscape of Lies
Stones of Treason
The Death of Hitler
The Full Story with New Evidence
from Secret Russian Archives
Ada Petrova and Peter Watson
W NORTON & COMPANY
Nm York London
CONTENTS
FOLLOWING P. 52
1. The main hall of the ruined Reichschancellery ( Popperfoto); 2. Marshal Zhukov on the steps of the Reichstag, May 1945 ( Novosti); 3. Adolf Hitler awarding the Iron Cross to a member of the Hitler Youth ( Imperial War Museum, London); 4. The emergency exit to the Bunker, as photographed by the first Russian commission; 5. Soviet Minister of the Interior, Beria and Foreign Minister, Molotov, visiting the Bunker, May 1945; 6. An American GI in Hitlers Private Suite, January 1946 ( Hulton Deutsch); 7. The bed in the Fhrers bedroom on which traces of blood were found ( Imperial War Museum, London); 8. Gustav Weler, Hitlers doppelgnger; 9 & 10. The charred corpses of Josef and Magda Goebbels; 11 & 12. Adolf Hitlers upper and lower jaws, showing teeth and bridgework; 13. Part of the Operation Myth File, the Hitler archive in Moscow; 14. Marshal Zhukov signing the surrender on 8 May 1945 ( David King Collection); 15. Field-Marshal Keitel signing the unconditional surrender on behalf of Germany ( Novosti); 16. General Chuikov ( Novosti); 17. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, American President Harry Truman and Soviet Secretary General Joseph Stalin at the Potsdam Conference, July 1945 ( Popperfoto).
FOLLOWING P. 84
1. Hitlers skull with the bullet hole clearly visible; 2. Professor Viktor Zyagin, an independent expert, examining the skull in the Kremlin in 1995; 3. The four skull fragments; 4. Sergei Mironenko holding the box in which the skull is kept; 5. Inside the Operation Myth File; 6. Blood stains on the sofa taken from the Bunker by the Russians in 1945; 7 & 8 (inset). One of Adolf Hitlers fire-scorched uniforms and tailors label: 9 & 10. The Lubianka Prison in Moscow.
FOLLOWING P. 148
1. Ivan Paderin; 2. The Russian archive where the Operation Myth file is kept; 3. Hitlers Private Secretary, Martin Bormann ( Hulton Deutsch); 4. Hein rich Himmler taking a salute ( Hulton Deutsch) 5. Himmler working at his desk ( Robert Hunt Library); 6. SS Major-General Mohnke; 7. ss General Rattenhuber; 8. Heinz Linge, Hitlers valet; 9. Hans Baur, Hitlers personal pilot; 10. Leo Raubal, Hitlers nephew who was taken prisoner by the Russians in 1943 and released in September 1955; 11. Maria Koppensteiner, the Fhrers cousin, who died in a Russian labour camp in 1953; 12-23. Photos taken from Hitlers personal photograph album, discovered in the Bunker in Berlin; 24. A Birthday cake to commemorate Hitlers fifty-fifth birthday, 20 April 1944; 25. Fake collage showing Hitler, Mussolini, Chamberlain and Lord Halifax playing a card game, Paix (Peace).
We would like to thank the people in Moscow and in London who helped produce this book.
Above all, we thank Igor Torbakov, Russian historian and political analyst, for guidance and for acting as interpreter and translator of many documents. In Moscow we would also like to thank Konstantin Akinsha, Gregorii Kozlov and Mikhail Leschinsky for their advice and support.
Ada Petrova would also like to thank Professor Viktor Zyagin of the Federal Centre for Forensic Medical Examination, for his cooperation and scholarly expertise; and Anatoli Prokopenko, the former director of the Special Trophy Archive in Moscow. He gave Ada the first encouragement to research the Hitler archive.
In London, our thanks to Lord Bullock, who read the typescript, Bernard Clark, Kate Mosse, Alexander Archer, Emily Stillman and John Laurence for their support and technical help. Peter Watson would also like to thank Patricia and John Menzies for their generous hospitality during the writing of this book.
Any errors that remain in The Death of Hitler are, of course, ours and ours alone.
1945 |
January 16 | Hitler returns to Berlin from Adlerhorst and enters the Bunker. Hitler never saw another sunrise or sunset after 16 January. |
February 25 | Leaves the Bunker to address a secret meeting of Gauleiters outside Berlin. He returns he same day. |
March 15 | Leaves the Bunker at noon for the east front at Frankfurt on the Oder, about sixty miles away. He is away for four hours. |
April 15 | Eva Braun arrives, unbidden. She refuses to leave when Hitler asks her to do so. |
April 16 | Battle of Berlin begins and Operation Clausewitz conceived. This was the (ill thought-out) plan for the defence of the government quarter in Berlin. |
April 20 | Hitlers birthday. He is fifty-six. He adjourns to the Chancellery Court of Honour for the benefit of the newsreels. He is away from the Bunker for about an hour. |
Himmle leaves the Bunker for the last time. |
April 21 | Professor Werner Haase arrives, to replace Theo Morrell and Ludwig Stumpfegger as Hitlers doctor. |
Last American daylight raid on Berlin. Dnitz leaves the Bunker for the last time. The Steiner attack is ordered. |
April 22 | Morrell leaves the Bunker. |
Steiner attack fails, letting the Russians inside the Berlin limits. |
Hitler suffers nervous breakdown. Announces to his staff that: All is lost and he will remain in Berlin and commit suicide at the end. |
Goebbels family amve in the Bunker (each child with one toy). |
Operation Seraglio, the mass escape to Berchtesgaden. Ten aircraft leave. |
Goebbels broadcasts to the German nation that Hitler is in Berlin and will stay there and fight with his troops. |
April 23 | Gring sends telegram from Bavaria regarding the succession. |
Himmler meets Count Bernadotte (Swedish envoy in Berlin) and briefs him about a surrender in the West. |
April 24 | 4 am: Speer leaves the Bunker for the last time. |
Last overland roads out of Berlin are cut. |
April 25 | Russians capture Tempelhof airport and reach Berlin inner ring, the Zitadelle. |
Fegelein leaves the Bunker. |
April 26 | Ritter von Greim and Hanna Reitsch arrive in the Bunker. |
April 27 | Fegeleins absence is noted; he is sought and brought back to the Bunker. |
April 28 | Himmlers betrayal is discovered; Fegelein shot. |
At midnight von Greim and Hanna Reitsch leave. |
April 29 | Just after midnight: Hitler marries Eva Braun. |
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