N o book about the life of Bulldog Turner would be possible without the help of Pat Turner, Ilene Turner Hairston, Ed Sprinkle, J. R. Boone, Cotton Davidson, Jack Pardee, Jay Black and the Texas Sports Hall of Fame in Waco, Dr. Merlin Morrow, former athletic director at Hardin-Simmons University, and Bulldog Turner's scores of friends and neighbors throughout Central and West Texas. Many thanks.
Thanks also to the following providers of inspiration and encouragement: Coach Ron Barr, Lana Janssen, James Wilson Brazzil, Wes Gilbreath, Sr., Charles Wise, Patricia Bosquez, Bobby Hodge, Ken Dyson, Howell Otis Cearley, Jr., Tommy Joe Ford, Robert W. Caster, Dr. Evelyn Farmer, Dr. James Pohl, Dr. Billy Ray Brunson, Alan Weihausen, Bob Alexander, and David Johnson.
Bibliography
Books
Allen, George Herbert. Pro Football's 100 Greatest Players: Rating the Stars of Past and Present. Indianapolis: Bobs-Merrill, 1982.
Cope, Myron. The Game that WasThe Early Days of Pro Football. Omaha, NE: World Publishing Company, 1970.
Curran, Bob. Pro Football's Rag Days. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1969.
D'Amato, Gary and Cliff Christi. Mudbaths and Bloodbaths: The Inside Story of the Bears-Packers Rivalry. Boulder, CO: Prairie Oak Press, 1997.
Dent, Jim. Monster of the Midway. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2003.
Drees, Jack and James C. Mullen. Where Is He Now? New York: Jonathon David Publishers, 1973.
Hardin-Simmons University Yearbook, 1937.
Peterson, Robert W. Pigskin: The Early Years of Pro Football. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Ryczek, William J. Crash of the Titans: The Early Years of the New York Jets and the AFL. Jefferson: McFarland and Company, 2009.
The Handbook of Texas. Austin: The Texas State Historical Association, 2013.
Whittingham, Richard W. What a Game They Played. New York: Harper and Row, 1984.
Periodicals
Blanda, George and Jack Olsen. I Keep Getting My Kicks. Sports Illustrated. July 19, 1971.
Cope, Myron. A Life for Two Tough Texans. Sports Illustrated. October 20, 1969.
Gaughan, Mark. Nixon, DeLamielleure Lead Pension Fight. BuffaloNews.com. August 26, 2010.
Hogrogian, Jim. The Last Fall of the Titans. Coffin Corner, vol. 13, no. 2, 1991.
Kroll, Alex. The Last of the Titans. Sports Illustrated. September 22, 1969.
Patterson, Todd. A Talk with HOFer Bulldog Turner. Sports Collectors Digest. October 25, 1991.
Shrake, Edwin. The Mad Hatter in Photoland. Sports Illustrated. September 21, 1964.
Smith, Don. Gino Marchetti. Coffin Corner, vol. 18, no. 5, 1996.
Sports Illustrated. Events and Discoveries. December 15, 1958.
Sports Illustrated. People. April 4, 1966.
Sullivan, Bill. The Dry Days of Bulldog Turner. Texas Sportsworld. January 1985.
Newspapers
Abilene Reporter-News
Altoona Mirror
Amarillo Globe-News
Anniston Star
Arizona Independent Republic
Baltimore Sun
Berkshire Eagle
Big Spring Daily Herald
Billings Gazette
Bridgeport Times
Capital Times (Madison)
Charleston Daily Mail
Chicago Tribune
Chronicle Telegram (Elyria)
Cumberland News
Daily Herald (Illinois)
El Paso Herald-Post
European Stars and Stripes
Freeport Journal-Standard
Gatesville Messenger and Star Forum
Hutchinson News
Lake Charles American Press
Long Beach Press-Telegram
Los Angeles Times
Lowell Sun
Lubbock Avalanche-Journal
Manitowoc Herald Times
Mexia Daily News
Nevada State Journal
New Braunfels Zeitung
New York Times
Oakland Tribune
Ogden Standard Examiner
Oshkosh Daily Northwestern
Pacific Stars and Stripes
Paris News
Pasadena Star-Times
Portsmouth Times
Press-Courier (Oxnard)
Provo Daily Herald
Racine Journal Times
Radio Post (Gatesville)
Redlands Daily Facts
Salt Lake Tribune
San Antonio Express
San Antonio Light
Sandusky Register
Sandusky Star Journal
Terre Haute Tribune-Star
The Bee (Danville)
The Brand (Hardin-Simmons University student newspaper)
The Capital (Annapolis)
Titusville Herald
Waterloo Daily Courier
Waukesha Daily Freeman
Wisconsin State Journal
Interviews
Boone, J. R. April 26, 2008.
Campbell, Maurice. March 20, 2009.
Davidson, Cotton. September 7, 2008.
Hairston, Ilene Turner. April 12, 2008.
Pardee, Jack. September 25, 2008.
Pruitt, Larry. April 23, 2007.
Sandifer, J. D. June 17, 2011.
Sprinkle, Ed. December 20, 2007, May 30, 2008.
Turner, Pat. April 12, 2008, April 25, 2011, June 23, 2011.
Williams, Tom. September 1, 2008.
Wood, Jimmy. May 15, 2009.
Archives
Bulldog Turner Collection. Texas Sports Hall of Fame. Waco, Texas.
West Texas Digital Archives. Hardin-Simmons University Library. Abilene, Texas.
Chapter 1
The Short End of the Stick
T he ramshackle ranch house sat a hundred yards north of State Highway 116 and a quarter mile east of Cowhouse Creek, in the valley between Hard Bargain Mountain and Rattlesnake Ridge. It was a two-story wooden structure, of typical ranch house design, surrounded by slender, delicate bluestem, scrawny mesquites, broom weeds, and prickly pear, and built on a gentle rise between the rocky creek bottom and a cedar and live oakcovered chalk hill behind it and to the east. In March the sweet spring rains in this part of Texas transform the Cowhouse Valley, for a few brief weeks, into a green carpet as far as the eye can see, with spectacular clusters of bluebonnets, purple horsemint, and Indian blankets more beautiful than an impressionist painting, but come July the heat and the lack of moisture will incinerate the grass, kill the flowers, and turn the countryside the color of dry cow dung. By August the Cowhouse slows to a trickle. Between the ranch house and the hill, a Farmall tractor rusted in the shade of a tin hay barn of crude construction. The ranch house itself was big and roomy, once a grand lady, but by the 1980s, bleached of color by the brutal Texas sun, she was old and cracked and gray and in need of serious repair. After almost a century of doing battle with the Texas heat, wind, and rain, the ravages of time had finally gained the upper hand. The covered porch that extended across the front of the house creaked and sagged, the roof leaked, the screens were rusty, and the wallsinside and outneeded a fresh coat of paint in the worst way. The roof over the porch sheltered a lively assortment of darting dirt daubers, bouncing daddy long legs, and several colonies of angry red wasps. The largest wasp nest was as big as an iron skillet.
There was no indication from the outside that there was anything special about this house or the large, gray-haired man who called it home. Farmers and ranchers drove by the place every day without knowing that the unpretentious old gentleman who lived there was an NFL legend and one of the best professional football players who ever buttoned a chin strap. Yes, there were whispers among the younger crowd that he was once a professional athlete. Perhaps he played Major League Baseball, and he had that great nickname. But often the people he encountered in everyday affairs at the Guaranty Bank, the cattle auction, or the feed store thought of him as just an old Texas cowman who had fallen on hard times. There were rumors that he drank too much and had trouble paying his bills. At least that was the talk over coffee with the morning crowd at Andy's Restaurantthat is, when the superintendent wasn't being second-guessed or the football coach vilified. Even the old man's friends and neighbors who knew of his career in the NFL never understood or appreciated how great he really was. He played so long ago. Few memories reached back that far.