First published in Great Britain in 2012 by
Remember When
an imprint of
Pen & Sword Books Ltd
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Copyright Nicholas Storey 2012
9781783032235
The right of Nicholas Storey to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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Acknowledgements
F or looking over my draft chapter on Krystyna Skarbek-Granville, also known as Christine Granville (about whom there is much misinformation at large, even down to her date of birth), I thank Ron Nowicki. I also thank Ian Fleming biographer Andrew Lycett for his advice that he knows of no clear evidence that Ian Fleming even personally knew Krystyna, let alone had an affair with her, as is sometimes (sensationally) suggested. I thank too, Laurence Mann, of St Margarets, Middlesex, and Dr Marcelo de Araujo, of Laranjeiras, Rio de Janeiro for looking over the whole draft at short notice and, as ever, making helpful suggestions. For any remaining errors I bear sole responsibility and all the opinions expressed are mine.
The illustrations, in subject order, as they appear in the book, are as follows:
Lady Hester Lucy Stanhope (17761839) from an original portrait of unknown provenance.
Sir James Brooke KCB, DCL (Oxon), White Rajah of Sarawak (18031868) from an original portrait by Francis Grant, RA.
Richard Lemon Lander (18041834) from an original engraving of unknown provenance.
Mary Seacole (18051881) from an original portrait of unknown provenance.
Jane Elizabeth Digby (18071881) from an original portrait by Joseph Karl Stieler.
General Sir James Abbott KCB (18071896) from an original portrait by B. Baldwin.
Colonel John Whitehead Peard, Garibaldis Englishman (18111880) from a portrait of unknown provenance.
John William Colenso, 1st Anglican Bishop of Natal (18141883) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Sir Richard Francis Burton KCMG (18211890) from an original portrait by Sir Frederick Leighton, RA, and a photograph of John Hanning Speke, 18271864, by Thomas Rodger.
Sir Thomas Johnstone Lipton Bart. KCVO (18501931) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Emily Hobhouse (18601926) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Mary Henrietta Kingsley (18621900) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Sir Francis Edward Younghusband KCSI, KCIE (18631942) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Colonel Percy Harrison Fawcett (18671925) from a photograph by Pelecchuco and, in Fawcetts wake, (Robert) Peter Fleming OBE, (19071971), from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell CBE (18681926) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
George Herbert Leigh Mallory (18861924) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Andrew Comyn Irvine, from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Dame Freya Madeline Stark DBE (ca.18931993) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Sir Francis Charles Chichester KBE (19011972) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Amy Johnson CBE (19021941) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Gladys May Aylward (19021970) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Krystyna SkarbekGranville (Christine Granville) GM, OBE, Croix de Guerre (ca. 19081952) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Sir Fitzroy Hew Royle Maclean Bart. KT, CBE (19111996) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Noor-un-Nisa Inayat Khan, GC, MBE, Croix de Guerre (19141944) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Tenzing Norgay GM (19141986) from the Mount Everest photograph by Edmund Hillary.
Violette Reine Elizabeth Szabo GC, MBE, Croix de Guerre (19211945) from a photograph of unknown provenance.
Nicholas Storey,
Estado do Rio de Janeiro,
Brasil
Introduction
One equal temper of heroic hearts,
Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will
To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.
From Ulysses by Alfred, Lord Tennyson
About this Book
I N CHOOSING my particular adventurers I have had to find limits. The first has been to confine my selection to men and women who are (at least loosely), British, and even then, service and adoption have sometimes, as with Krystyna Skarbek-Granville (Christine Granville), taken the place of birth. I have chosen to ignore such things as competing national claims for Tenzing Norgay. The second limit I have set myself is generally to exclude heroic adventurers in battle, simply because there is (rightly), so much already written about them. I have, however, found place for certain (representative) female secret agents of the Second World War, whose acts (in voluntary service, beyond the call of simple duty), surely took them out of the arena of straightforward battle and into the realm of the most individual and courageous adventure. They were, moreover, the first modern, female British warriors, not just on the front line but behind it on the enemys own turf, long, long before any calls on the grounds of sex equality put modern women into battle.
The result of my decisions remains to be judged, but the overall objective has been to renew interest in the lives of some of our real heroes and heroines as representative of the many others that there are, in an age in which contemporary sporting and pop art heroes dominate the news and provide the only readily evident inspiration, and also an age in which addiction to the computer screen nearly robs the young of memories and dreams of the high adventure of which ripping yarns are made.
The third limit is a limit of time. This speaks for itself, otherwise how would Drake and Raleigh, Clive of India, General Woolf and Captain Cook not have found their places? There have to be such limits. The final limit has been to exclude those who are widely famed already. What more is there to say in a book of this size, of General Gordon or Dr David Livingstone; of Charles Darwin, Captain Robert Falcon Scott, Captain Laurence Oates, Ernest Shackleton and T. E. Lawrence of Arabia, even though what has been said should never be forgotten? Moreover, although Sir Edmund Hillary is acknowledged as the first conqueror of Mount Everest, Tenzing Norgay was there with him. And what of George Mallory who, sometime before, had died, either going up or coming down?