Elaine Mensh - The IQ Mythology: Class, Race, Gender, and Inequality
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The IQ Mythology: Class, Race, Gender, and Inequality
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The IQ Mythology : Class, Race, Gender, and Inequality
author
:
Mensh, Elaine.; Mensh, Harry
publisher
:
Southern Illinois University Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0809316668
print isbn13
:
9780809316663
ebook isbn13
:
9780585027715
language
:
English
subject
Intelligence tests, Test bias, Intelligence levels--Social aspects, Educational tests and measurements.
publication date
:
1991
lcc
:
BF432.A1M46 1991eb
ddc
:
153.9/3
subject
:
Intelligence tests, Test bias, Intelligence levels--Social aspects, Educational tests and measurements.
Page i
The IQ Mythology
Class, Race, Gender, and Inequality
Elaine Mensh and Harry Mensh
Southern Illinois University Press Carbondale and Edwardsville
Page ii
Copyright 1991 by the Board of Trustees, Southern Illinois University
All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Edited by John Killheffer Designed by Katherine E. Swanson Production supervised by Natalia Nadraga
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Mensh, Elaine The IQ mythology: class, race, gender, and inequality / Elaine Mensh and Harry Mensh. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Intelligence tests. 2. Test bias. 3. Intelligence levels Social aspects. 4. Educational tests and measurements. I. Mensh, Harry. II. Title. BF432.A1M46 1991 153.9'3 dc20 90-37475 ISBN 0-8093-1666-8 CIP
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Page iii
The questions which one asks oneself begin, at last, to illuminate the world, and become one's key to the experience of others. One can only face in others what one can face in oneself. On this confrontation depends the measure of our wisdom and compassion. James Baldwin, Nobody Knows My Name
Page v
Contents
Acknowledgments
ix
Introduction
xi
1. IQ: Status of a Symbol
1
2. IQ's Skeletons
13
3. IQ Takes Over
25
4. The IQ Hierarchy
37
5. The Surrogate Stratagem
47
6. The Other Side of the Tracks
56
7. Myth into Method
72
8. The Symbiotic Connection
85
9. The Testers, South Africa, and the Third World
107
10. The Risk Factor
135
11. One Man's Dream, Another's Nightmare
153
Notes
163
Bibliography
188
Index
208
Page ix
Acknowledgments
Our thanks to Curtis L. Clark, our editor, whose acuity, judgment, and concern we value. James D. Simmons, Susan H. Wilson, and Natalia Nadraga also contributed to the kind of publishing experience writers hope for. And thanks also to copyeditors John Killheffer and Mara Lou Hawse.
Page xi
Introduction
How deeply IQ tests, or the mythology surrounding them, have entered the national consciousness is evident from the virtually standard use of "IQ" as a synonym for "intelligence." But there are many other striking expressions of this phenomenon, including the way the tests turn up in works of fiction.
"[T]here was the idiotic testimony of those peculiar witnesses, IQ tests: those scores invented me," observes the narrator in a well-known book of autobiographical short stories. "Those scores were a decisive piece of destiny in that they affected the way people treated you and regarded you; they determined your authority."1 The narrator is unusual; he has reason to be pleased with the way IQ scores invented him, yet he assures his readers that the invention is based on "idiotic testimony.''
Although IQ scores invented the narrator/author, the invention was not haphazard or accidental; it took place along well-established guidelines or, more accurately, class and racial lines. The narrator is middle-class. He is white. His (adoptive) parents, who were born before the last century ended, probably completed their education during World War I. At a time when high school was reserved for a small part of the population, both parents graduated from high school; the mother went on to two years of college.
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