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Martin F. Murphy - Science, materialism, and the study of culture

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Well-argued, clearly written essays by anthropologists committed to understanding culture through theoretically grounded analysis of its material underpinnings. The authors impassioned call for an anthropology that addresses pressing social problems--exploitation, inequality, violence, hunger, and underdevelopment--is a welcome counterweight to studies that view power primarily as discourse or poetics.--Marc Edelman, Hunter College and the Graduate Center, CUNYA major contribution to anthropology in both theory and application.--Barbara Miller, George Washington UniversityThe social sciences, especially cultural anthropology, are mired in contentious arguments about the desirability--even the applicability--of scientific and causal principles in the study of culture and society. The authors of these essays come down clearly on the side of the significance of these principles, claiming that a cultural materialist approach is the most productive way of explaining cultural differences and similarities and of understanding many unexplainable aspects of culture. The authors analyze both theoretical and practical issues, and they critique currents in social science that claim that human behaviors and organizations are undecipherable. They also demonstrate an important but often overlooked contribution of cultural materialism--its firm commitment to understanding the injustices and inequities in societies around the world. Contents An Introduction to Cultural Materialism, by Martin F. Murphy and Maxine L. Margolis Part I. Theoretical Perspectives Explanation and Ground Truth: The Place of Cultural Materialism in Scientific Anthropology, by Allen Johnson Infrastructural Determinism, by R. Brian Ferguson Politics, Theory, and the Nature of Cultural Things, by Roger Sanjek Anthropology and Postmodernism, by Marvin Harris Part II. Applications Hunting Patterns and Village Fissioning among the Yanomani: A Cultural Materialist Perspective, by Kenneth Good Water Theft in Egypts Fayoum Oasis: Emics, Etics, and the Illegal, by David H. Price A Cultural Materialist Approach to the Causes of Hunger and Homelessness in New York City, by Anna Lou Dehavenon We Are All Chickens for the Colonel: A Cultural Materialist View of Prisons, by Jagna Wojcicka Sharff Peasants, Projects, and Anthropological Models: Fragile Causal Chains and Crooked Causal Arrows, by Gerald F. Murray Martin F. Murphy is associate professor and chair of anthropology at the University of Notre Dame. He is the author or coauthor of four books, including Dominican Sugar Plantations: Production and Foreign Labor Integration and The 1982 Elections in the Dominican Republic: A Sociological and Historical Interpretation. Maxine L. Margolis is professor of anthropology at the University of Florida. She is the author of Little Brazil: An Ethnography of Brazilian Immigrants in New York City, Mothers and Such: Views of American Women and Why They Changed, and The Moving Frontier: Social and Economic Change in a Southern Brazilian Community; and coeditor of Brazil: Anthropological Perspectives.

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title Science Materialism and the Study of Culture author - photo 1

title:Science, Materialism, and the Study of Culture
author:Murphy, Martin F.
publisher:University Press of Florida
isbn10 | asin:0813014131
print isbn13:9780813014135
ebook isbn13:9780585206769
language:English
subjectMaterial culture, Materialism.
publication date:1995
lcc:GN406.S35 1995eb
ddc:306
subject:Material culture, Materialism.
Page iii
Science, Materialism, and the Study of Culture
Edited By Martin F. Murphy And Maxine L. Margolis
UNIVERSITY PRESS OF FLORIDA
Gainesville Tallahassee Tampa Boca Raton
Pensacola Orlando Miami Jacksonville
Page iv
Copyright 1995 by the Board of Regents of the State of Florida Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Picture 2
All rights reserved
00 99 98 97 96 95 6 5 4 3 2 1
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
Science, materialism, and the study of culture/
edited by Martin F. Murphy and Maxine L. Margolis.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical reference (p. ) and index.
ISBN 0-8130-1413-1 (cloth: alk. paper).ISBN
0-8130-1414-x (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. Material culture. 2. Materialism. I. Murphy, Martin F.,
1949-. II. Margolis, Maxine L., 1942- .
GN406.S35 1995
306dc20 95-9219
The University Press of Florida is the scholarly publishing agency for the State University System of Florida, comprised of Florida A & M University, Florida Atlantic University, Florida International University, Florida State University, University of Central Florida, University of Florida, University of North Florida, University of South Florida, and University of West Florida.
University Press of Florida 15 Northwest 15th Street Gainesville, FL 32611
Page v
For MARVIN HARRIS,
scholar, fisherman, and friend,
from all of us in honor of his seminal contributions to
anthropology and the science of humankind
Page vii
CONTENTS
List of Tables
ix
Preface
xi
An Introduction to Cultural Materialism
Martin F. Murphy and Maxine L. Margolis
1
Part 1
Theoretical Perspectives
Chapter 1
Explanation and Ground Truth: The Place of Cultural Materialism in Scientific Anthropology
Allen Johnson
7
Chapter 2
Infrastructural Determinism
R. Brian Ferguson
21
Chapter 3
Politics, Theory, and the Nature of Cultural Things
Roger Sanjek
39
Chapter 4
Anthropology and Postmodernism
Marvin Harris
62
Part 2
Applications
Chapter 5
Hunting Patterns and Village Fissioning among the Yanomami: A Cultural Materialist Perspective
Kenneth Good
81
Chapter 6
Water Theft in Egypt's Fayoum Oasis: Emics, Etics, and the Illegal
David H. Price
96
Chapter 7
A Cultural Materialist Approach to the Causes of Hunger and Homelessness in New York City
Anna Lou Dehavenon
111
Chapter 8
"We Are All Chickens for the Colonel": A Cultural Materialist View of Prisons
Fagna Wojcicka Sharff
132
Chapter 9
Peasants, Projects, and Anthropological Models: Fragile Causal Chains and Crooked Causal Arrows
Gerald F. Murray
159
Bibliography
185
Contributors
211
Index
215

Page ix
TABLES
5.1. Days by village and location during which data were recorded
85
5.2. Yields and frequencies of rami (one-day) hunts from the home bases of four villages
87
5.3. Village splits during wayumi treks
89
6.1. Liters per second for ten Fayoumi irrigation groups arranged by rank distance from water source
103
7.1. Crowding in double-ups
117
7.2. Causes of food emergencies for 1,633 food-emergency families interacting with the Public Assistance System
121
7.3. Mean length, in days, of food emergencies for families interacting with the Public Assistance System, by income status, 1984-87
123
7.4. Time elapsed since food-emergency-family contact persons consumed solid food
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