Poiger - Jazz, rock, and rebels: cold war politics and American culture in a divided Germany

Jazz, Rock, and Rebels

STUDIES ON THE HISTORY OF SOCIETY AND CULTURE

Victoria E. Bonnell and Lynn Hunt, Editors

1. Politics, Culture, and Class in the French Revolution, by Lynn Hunt

2. The People of Paris: An Essay in Popular Culture in the Eighteenth Century, by Daniel Roche

3. Pont-St-Pierre, 13981789: Lordship, Community, and Capitalism in Early Modern France, by Jonathan Dewald

4. The Wedding of the Dead: Ritual, Poetics, and Popular Culture in Transylvania, by Gail Kligman

5. Students, Professors, and the State in Tsarist Russia, by Samuel D. Kassow

6. The New Cultural History, edited by Lynn Hunt

7. Art Nouveau in Fin-de-Sicle France: Politics, Psychology, and Style, by Debora L. Silverman

8. Histories of a Plague Year: The Social and the Imaginary in Baroque Florence, by Giulia Calvi

9. Culture of the Future: The Proletkult Movement in Revolutionary Russia, by Lynn Mally

10. Bread and Authority in Russia, 19141921, by Lars T. Lih

11. Territories of Grace: Cultural Change in the Seventeenth-Century Diocese of Grenoble, by Keith P. Luria

12. Publishing and Cultural Politics in Revolutionary Paris, 17891810, by Carla Hesse

13. Limited Livelihoods: Gender and Class in Nineteenth-Century England, by Sonya O. Rose

14. Moral Communities: The Culture of Class Relations in the Russian Printing Industry, 18671907, by Mark Steinberg

15. Bolshevik Festivals, 19171920, by James von Geldern

16. Venices Hidden Enemies: Italian Heretics in a Renaissance City, by John Martin

17. Wondrous in His Saints: Counter-Reformation Propaganda in Bavaria, by Philip M. Soergel

18. Private Lives and Public Affairs: The Causes Clbres of Prerevolutionary France, by Sarah Maza

19. Hooliganism: Crime, Culture, and Power in St. Petersburg, 19001914, by Joan Neuberger

20. Possessing Nature: Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Italy, by Paula Findlen

21. Listening in Paris: A Cultural History, by James H. Johnson

22. The Fabrication of Labor: Germany and Britain, 16401914, by Richard Biernacki

23. The Struggle for the Breeches: Gender and the Making of the British Working Class, by Anna Clark

24. Taste and Power: Furnishing Modern France, by Leora Auslander

25. Cholera in Post-Revolutionary Paris: A Cultural History, by Catherine J. Kudlick

26. The Women of Paris and Their French Revolution, by Dominique Godineau

27. Iconography of Power: Soviet Political Posters under Lenin and Stalin, by Victoria E. Bonnell

28. Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolinis Italy, by Simonetta Falasca-Zamponi

29. Passions of the Tongue: Language Devotion in Tamil, India, 18911970, by Sumathi Ramaswamy

30. Crescendo of the Virtuoso: Spectacle, Skill, and Self-Promotion in Paris during the Age of Revolution, by Paul Metzner

31. Crime, Cultural Conflict, and Justice in Rural Russia, 18561914, by Stephen P. Frank

32. The Collective and the Individual in Russia: A Study in Practices, by Oleg Kharkhordin

33. What Difference Does a Husband Make? Women and Marital Status in Germany, by Elizabeth Heineman

34. Beyond the Cultural Turn: New Directions in the Study of Society and Culture, edited by Victoria E. Bonnell and Lynn Hunt

35. Jazz, Rock, and Rebels: Cold War Politics and American Culture in a Divided Germany, by Uta G. Poiger

University of California Press

Berkeley and Los Angeles, California

University of California Press, Ltd.

London, England

2000 by the Regents of the University of California

Portions of chapters 2 and 5 have appeared previously in somewhat different form as Rebels With a Cause? American Popular Culture, the 1956 Youth Riots, and New Conceptions of Masculinity in East and West Germany, in The American Impact on Postwar Germany, ed. Reiner Pommerin, 93124 (Providence, R. I.: Berghahn Books, 1995) and Rock n Roll, Female Sexuality, and the Cold War Battle over German Identities,Journal of Modern History 68 (September 1996): 577616.

Not in all cases was it possible to locate the holders of copyrights for illustrations.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Poiger, Uta G., 1965

Jazz, rock, and rebels : cold war politics and American culture in a divided Germany

p. cm. (Studies on the history of society and culture ; 35) Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-520-21139-1

1. GermanyCivilizationAmerican influence. 2. Popular cultureGermany. 3. Popular cultureGermany (East) 4. SubcultureGermany. 5. SubcultureGermany (East) 6. Race relationsGermanyHistory. 7. Art and stateGermany. 8. Art and stateGermany (East) 9. YouthGermanySocial conditions20th century I. Title. II. Series. DD258.6.P65 2000
943dc21

99-34558

CIP

Manufactured in the United States of America

08 07
10 9 8 7

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper).

Contents

Figures

Acknowledgments

It is a great pleasure to thank the individuals and institutions who helped me in the process of writing this book. Grants from Brown University, the Christian-Albrechts-Universitt Kiel, and the German Historical Institute provided crucial research support in the initial stages, and a Charlotte W. Newcombe Dissertation Fellowship allowed me a year of writing. The completion of the manuscript was made possible by research support from the University of Washington, including a Junior Faculty Development Award, the Keller Fund of the University of Washington History Department, and a German Marshall Fund of the United States Research Fellowship. The staffs of numerous archives and libraries in Germany and the United States greatly assisted my research and filled extensive requests for copies. In Berlin, Leigh Love, Helfried Quint, Traute Schlabach, Matthias Kusche, Heike Stein, and Jan Kock offered me their hospitality. At various stages, Christopher Kemple, Colleen McClurg, Tuska Benes, and Vera Sokolova provided valuable research assistance.

Several teachers have shaped my intellectual path, and I am deeply grateful to them. Sara Lennox first showed me that the study of gender and history was an important intellectual and political project. She and Paula Baker were instrumental in my decision to continue graduate studies. At Brown University, Volker Berghahn and Mari Jo Buhle encouraged and guided my work on various aspects of American culture abroad. Their thought-provoking criticisms and unfailing support continue to be a source of inspiration. Mary Gluck urged me to think carefully about the relationship of culture and politics, while Carolyn Dean identified missing links in my arguments and helped sharpen my thinking as a result.

I am also grateful to my colleagues and students in the History Department at the University of Washington for creating a hospitable environment. In particular, I thank Teri Balkenende, Stephanie Camp, Madeleine Dong, John Findlay, Susan Glenn, Jim Gregory, Suzanne Lebsock, Laurie Sears, Vera Sokolova, John Toews, Lynn Thomas, and the members of the History Research Group and Daughter of HRG for comments and suggestions. The past and current department chairs, Richard Johnson and Robert Stacey, greatly helped in seeing this project through to completion.