First published 2016
by Routledge
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2015 selection and editorial material, Tobias Jung, Susan D. Phillips, Jenny Harrow; individual chapters, the contributors
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Names: Jung, Tobias, editor. | Phillips, Susan (Philanthropy
researcher) editor. | Harrow, Jenny, editor.
Title: The Routledge companion to philanthropy / edited by Tobias Jung,
Susan Phillips, Jenny Harrow. Other titles: Companion to philanthropy
Description: New York : Routledge, 2016. |
Series: Routledge companions in business, management and
accounting | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015027123| ISBN 9780415783255 (hardback) |
ISBN 9781315740324 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Charities.Classification: LCC
HV40 .R6846 2016 | DDC 361.7dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015027123
ISBN: 978-0-415-78325-5 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-74032-4 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by Cenveo Publisher Services
This is an impressive addition to the research literature on philanthropy, one which takes a broad view of the nature of philanthropy and its demographic and geographic reach. It both challenges and expands prevailing views.
Jenny Onyx, Emeritus Professor, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
This collection provides a comprehensive and important reference volume on the changing nature of philanthropy. It will be valuable reading to anyone interested in this field.
Patrick M. Rooney, Professor of Economics and Philanthropic Studies, Indiana University, USA
This rich compendium of research findings and reflection gives us multiple perspectives on the old-new concept of philanthropy. It focuses on current practices and dilemmas whilst constantly reminding us about historical roots and the diversity of international and national experience.
Margaret Harris, Emeritus Professor, Aston Business School, UK
A desk-side publication for all scholars and practitioners wanting a comprehensive reference to critical understandings of contemporary philanthropy.
Professor Myles McGregor-Lowndes, Australian Centre for Philanthropy and Nonprofit Studies, Australia
Vignette: The intersections of philanthropy and public policy
Muddy waters
Diana Leat
The delicate and complex nature of the boundaries between philanthropy and the public and private sectors frequently becomes apparent when the normal order is upset, when a crisis occurs or a disaster happens. Such instances also throw into sharp relief the difficult and different ways in which relationships across these areas are negotiated. This is prominently illustrated in the case of the natural disaster that hit Queensland in late December 2010 and early January 2011. At the time, significant flooding occurred; three-quarters of the state were declared as a disaster zone. Perspectives on, and approaches to, helping the victims did however differ markedly across different stakeholder groups, as is evident from the post-disaster timeline of activities. This vignette demonstrates the extent and intricacies of these differences, drawing on cited media reporting and public documents.
Coming to the rescue
To help those affected by the Queensland flooding, the State Premier, Anna Bligh, quickly set up a disaster relief appeal: The Premiers Flood Relief Appeal. Launched on 29th December 2010, the Appeal was described as a Trust Fund to assist those who suffered loss due to the disaster. It stated that [a]ll money raised by the fund will be directed to address the greatest need. To this end, the Queensland government made an initial donation of $11 million; by 19th January 2011, the Appeal had raised over $100 million with substantial donations from businesses, the Commonwealth and several state and foreign governments. A Distribution Committee was announced, chaired by Dr. David Hamill AM, Chairman of the Australian Red Cross Blood Service and a former Queensland state Treasurer. Alongside this Fund, charities were making their own fundraising appeals. These included the Salvation Army and St Vincent de Paul, and in mid-January, supermarket chain Woolworths Australia announced that it would match donations, dollar for dollar, made to the Salvation Army Flood Appeal through Woolworths stores.
On January twentieth, three weeks after the creation of the Premiers Appeal, the distribution committee announced the release of the first round of appeal funds. Targeting people most affected by this disaster and who will find it hard to recover from the impact of the floods without financial assistance, payments of $2,000 per adult and $1,000 per child were to be made (Media release qld.gov.au twentieth January 2011). Dr. Hamill said that the hope was that first payments on straight forward applications would be made within ten days of receipt of the application.
On the same day as Hamills announcement, Prime Minister Julia Gillard flagged the possibility of a one-off federal government levy to pay for flood damage in Queensland and other parts of the country. The Leader of the Opposition, Tony Abbott, immediately opposed a levy as an unnecessary tax by a government engaged in indulgent spending (www.theage.com.au/business/pmflags-oneoff-floods-tax-20110120). The possibility of a tax sparked what was to become an increasingly heated debate about responsibility, charity and government. The following comment was fairly typical of one strand. Having pointed out that people chose to buy houses on a flood plain, one member of the public said: I am sorry that they have lost everything, however, they should not expect others to pay for it all . We donate and donate, and pay tax and pay tax .
Disagreement and disjointment across and within the sectors
Relations between the insurance industry and the federal government became increasingly fraught. The Insurance Council of Australia had agreed that home owners and businesses would not have automatic flood cover for flood damage in Brisbane and nearby Ipswich; customers in other parts of the state would have cover where damage was a result of storm water rather than flooding, the latter not being automatically covered by most insurers. The Queensland Treasurer warned the companies that they could face a competing government insurance scheme if they failed to insert a standardized flood clause into all policies and if flood cover was not offered to all policy holders. Unsurprisingly, the insurance industry was opposed to any such government scheme.
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