Robbie Sutton - Social Psychology

Robbie Sutton and Karen Douglas, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2020

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To Jamie and Rose

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

Robbie Sutton was born in Wellington, New Zealand and completed undergraduate degrees in English, philosophy and psychology at Victoria University of Wellington, and went on to study for his PhD there. He has had teaching positions at Massey University (NZ), Keele University (UK) and now the University of Kent, where he is Professor of Social Psychology. He has published extensively on topics such as justice, inequality, gender and sexism, causal explanation, and attitudes to science. He has been Associate Editor for the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology and the British Journal of Social Psychology, and has served on the editorial boards of the European Journal of Social Psychology and the Journal of Language and Social Psychology. With Matthew Hornsey and Karen Douglas, Robbie edited Feedback: The Communication of Praise, Criticism and Advice. He is a Fellow of both the Society of Experimental Social Psychology and the Association for Psychological Science.

Karen Douglas was born in Blackburn, England and grew up in the Hunter Valley, Australia. She completed her undergraduate degree in psychology at the University of Newcastle, Australia and her PhD in social psychology at the Australian National University. Karen went back to the UK to take up a lectureship at Keele University and later moved to the University of Kent where she is now a Professor of Social Psychology. Her research primarily focuses on the psychology of conspiracy theories and in particular the political and social consequences of believing in conspiracy theories. She also studies the effects of communication technology on social interaction. Karen has been Co-Editor of the British Journal of Social Psychology, and an Associate Editor for the European Journal of Social Psychology, Social Psychology, the British Journal of Social Psychology and Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. She is a Fellow of both the Society of Experimental Social Psychology and the Association for Psychological Science.

BRIEF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES

Two ways that variables can combine to produce effects

The different sub-topics of social psychology

Practising the cello for pleasure or reward?

A Dalmatian emerges as a whole, at once

An example of a Lewinian force field

The scientific method

Survey questionnaires

Interviews

Sampling

fMRI scans of the brain

Self-schematic versus aschematic individuals

Multiple role theory

The effect of private self-awareness on emotional responses to reading positive and negative statements

Stealing sweets

The anterior cingulate cortex

Self-discrepancy theory

Carver and Scheiers (1981) control theory of self-regulation

Students self ratings over time

Causal sequence suggested by the sociometer theory of self-esteem

Public versus private self-presentation and the self-concept

Illustration of the logic behind Wegner and Wheatleys (1999) experiment

Independent and interdependent self-construals

Collectivists and individualists compared

Kelleys (1967) covariation model of social attribution

Correspondent inference theory

Demonstration of correspondence bias

The actor-observer effect

BIAS map

The Big Two in social cognition

First impressions

The influence of appearance on ratings of stimulus people

Hiring other-sex or same-sex candidates

The conjunction fallacy related to chronotype

Attributional processes underlying the availability heuristic

The cheating boyfriend

Barghs (1994) four horsemen of automaticity

The Schwartz value circumplex (or wheel)

The tripartite (or ABC) model of attitudes

Mere exposure effect

The effect of number of exposures on attitudes

Subliminal conditioning

Genetic factors in attitude formation

An unbalanced and a balanced triad

Applause as a shared reality

Brain activation patterns associated with evaluations of health and safety videos

Effects of affirming versus negating stereotypes

Eye-tracking heat maps reveal effects of attitude strength (elaboration) on information search

The theory of planned behaviour

The phenomenon of cognitive dissonance

The affect of cognitive dissonance

Depiction of Egan et al.s (2010) study

Investigating embodied social cognition

Receiving a Botox injection

Use of feelings as information in making social judgements

Relationship between political orientation and moral foundations

The power of indirect language

Questionnaire design influences how participants respond

Cultural frame switching

Reversal of the linguistic bias

Nonverbal communication is communication without words

Levels of communication distance

The role of culture and innate factors in the display of emotional facial expressions

Attitude change (persuasion) achieved by likeable and unlikeable communicators

Attractiveness sells

The sleeper effect

Consistency of message with existing attitudes

Effectiveness of two-sided arguments

Do first or last impressions count?

Attitude change for easy or difficult messages

The power of central cues

The elaboration likelihood model

The effects of message strength and distraction on persuasion

Saying no

Resisting persuasion by generating counterarguments

Original and manipulated photos

Familiarity increases the likelihood of attraction