BATTLE FOR ANGOLA
The End of the Cold War in Africa c 1975-89
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BATTLE FOR ANGOLA
The End of the Cold War in Africa c 1975-89
Al J. Venter
Helion & Company
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Published by Helion & Company 2017
Designed and typeset by Mach 3 Solutions Ltd ( www.mach3solutions.co.uk )
Cover designed by Paul Hewitt, Battlefield Design ( www.battlefield-design.co.uk )
Text Al J. Venter 2016
Images Al J. Venter or open source unless noted otherwise.
Every reasonable effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. The author and publisher apologize for any errors or omissions in this work, and would be grateful if notified of any corrections that should be incorporated in future reprints or editions of this book.
Front cover photograph originally sourced to UNITA, cameraman unknown; rear cover: top left and bottom photographs courtesy of John P. (Jack) Cann; middle left Douw Steyn; all others taken by the author.
ISBN 978-1-911096-41-2
eISBN 978-1-913118-10-5
Mobi ISBN 978-1-913118-10-5
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
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To my eldest son Johan who, like his dad, shares the unusual distinction of having been blown up by a Soviet anti-tank landmine in the same war. In fact, in the exact same Angolan theatre of operations, and within a year or so of each other: At the time Johan was operational with 61 Mechanised Battalion Group just south of Cuvelai . For my part, I was perched on top of the gun turret of a Ratel-90 infantry fighting vehicle during Operation Daisy when our right front wheel triggered the bomb.
Like father, like son
Glossary
A-76: | Military radio set |
AAA: | Anti-aircraft artillery |
ACIG: | Air Combat Information Group |
AEB: | (South African) Atomic Energy Board |
AK, AK-47: | Avtomat Kalashnikova 7.62mm assault rifle |
ANC: | African National Congress: ruling South African political party, Socialist in orientation and in its day, closely allied to Portuguese opposition groups like Angolas MPLA and FRELIMO |
aldeamento: | Portuguese protected camp |
Alpha Bomb: | A circular shaped anti-personnel bomb weighing 6 kgs, normally dropped from level flight that gave a natural dispersion pattern. The bomb would strike the surface, activating the fusing mechanism, and then bounce into the air to explode about six meters above the ground |
ALN: | Arme de Libration Nationale the military wing of the FLN nationalist movement |
ALO: | Air liaison officer |
ANC: | African National Congress |
APC: | Armoured personnel carrier |
APILAS: | Armour-Piercing Infantry Light Arm System. French portable one-shot 122 mm recoilless anti-tank rocket |
AR-10: | 7.62mm battle rifle later developed into US Armys M16 |
ARMSCOR: | Armaments Corporation of South Africa |
Assimilado: | Africans overseas who had assimilated sufficiently to earn full Portuguese citizenship rights |
AU: | African Union (See OAU) |
Bergen: | Military-style multi-part backpack |
BfSS: | (South African) Bureau for State Security, generally referred to in its day as BOSS |
BM-21: | Stalin Organ Multiple Rocket Launcher |
BMP-2: | Boyevaya Mashina Pekhoty , Soviet amphibious tracked infantry fighting vehicle |
BND: | Bundesnachrichtendienst , West German/Federal Republic of Germany Federal Intelligence Agency |
Boere : | A somewhat disparaging term used by both SWAPO and the Angolans to describe the RSA/SWATF security forces |
BRDM: | Boyevaya Razvedyvatelnaya Dozomaya Mashina , 4x4 (converting to 8x8) amphibious Combat Reconnaissance Patrol Vehicle |
Browns: | South African army personnel, or their uniforms (slang) |
BSAP: | British South Africa Police, Rhodesian police force |
BTR: | Bronetransportyor , armoured transporter, 8x8 armoured personnel carrier |
C-4: | Common variety of the plastic explosive known as Composition C |
CAS-sorties: | Close air support sorties |
CCB or Civil Cooperation Bureau: | Secretive quasi-military organisation formed in latter stages of apartheid rule in South Africa |
Chefe do Posto : | Local Portuguese administrator, roughly equivalent in British colonial Africa to district commissioner |
CIA: | (United States) Central Intelligence Agency (also referred to by those in the know as Langley) |
CIO: | Rhodesian/Zimbabwean Central Intelligence Organisation |
COIN: | Counter-insurgency |
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