Studies in the History of Civil Engineering
Volume 5
Water-Supply and Public Health Engineering
STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
General Editor: Joyce Brown
with the assistance o f MM. Chrimes, A.W. Skempton,
N.A.F. Smith and R.J.M. Sutherland
Twelve volumes are to appear from the Autumn of 1997:
1. The Engineering of Medieval Cathedrals
Edited by LYNN T. COURTENAY, University of Wisconsin
2. Masonry Bridges, Viaducts and Aquaducts
Edited by TED RUDDOCK, University of Edinburgh
3. Land Drainage and Irrigation
Edited by SALVATORE CIRIACONO, University of Padova
4. Dams
Edited by DONALD C. JACKSON, Lafayette College
5. Water-Supply and Public Health Engineering
Edited by DENIS SMITH, formerly University of East London
6. Port and Harbour Engineering
Edited by ADRIAN JARVIS, Merseyside Maritime Museum and
Liverpool University
7. The Civil Engineering of Canals and Railways before 1850
Edited by MIKE CHRIMES, Institution of Civil Engineers
8. The Development of Timber as a Structural Material
Edited by DAVID T. YEOMANS, Liverpool University
9. Structural Iron, 1750-1850
Edited by R.J.M. SUTHERLAND, Consultant, Harris and Sutherland, London
10. Structural Iron and Steel, 1850-1900
Edited by ROBERT THORNE, Editor, Construction History Journal
11. Early Reinforced Concrete
Edited by FRANK NEWBY, formerly F.J. Samuely and Partners, London
12. Structural and Civil Engineering Design
Edited by WILLIAM ADDIS, University of Reading
Studies in the History of Civil Engineering General Editor: Joyce Brown
Volume 5
Water-Supply and Public Health Engineering
edited by
Denis Smith
First published 2005 by Ashgate Publishing
Published 2016 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Copyright 1999 by Taylor & Francis, and Introduction by Denis Smith. For copyright of individual articles please refer to the Acknowledgements.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Notice:
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library CIP data
WaterSupply and Public Health Engineering
(Studies in the History of Civil Engineering; v. 5).
1. Sanitary engineeringHistory. 2. Watersupply
engineeringHistory. 3. WatersupplyHistory.
I. Smith, Denis
628.109
US Library of Congress CIP data
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number preassigned
as: 98074001
ISBN 13: 9780860787549 (hbk)
STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING VOL. 5
Acknowledgements
The chapters in this volume are taken from the sources listed below, for which the editors and publishers wish to thank their authors, original publishers or other copyright holders for permission to use their material as follows:
Chapter 1: Norman A.F. Smith, Attitudes to Roman engineering and the question of the inverted syphon, History of Technology, 1 (1976), pp. 4571. Copyright 1976 by the contributors. Reproduced by permission of Mansell, a Casell imprint, Wellington House, 125 Strand, London, WC2R OBB, England.
Chapter 2: M.J.T. Lewis, Our debt to Roman engineering: the water supply of Lincoln to the present day, Industrial Archaeology Review, 1, no. 1 (1984), pp. 5773. Copyright 1984 by the Association for Industrial Archaeology. Reprinted by permission of the editors, Marilyn Palmer and Peter A. Neaverson.
Chapter 3: G.C. Berry, Sir Hugh Myddelton and the New River, Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion (1957), pp. 1745. Copyright 1957 by the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion.
Chapter 4: F. Williamson, George Sorocold of Derby: a pioneer of water supply, Journal of Derbyshire Archaeological and Natural History Society, NS 10, no. 57 (1936), pp. 4347, 6593. Reproduced by kind permission of the Derbyshire Archaeological Society.
Chapter 5: George Higgin, The old watersupply of Seville, Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 78, pt. 4 (19834), pp. 334345. Copyright 1983-4 by the Institution of Civil Engineers.
Chapter 6: Mary Hallett, Portsmouths water supply, 18001860, Portsmouth Papers, no. 12 (1971), pp. 325. Copyright 1971 by Mary Hallett.
Chapter 7: R.W. Rennison, The impounding reservoirs of the Newcastle and Gateshead Water Company, 18451905, Transactions of the Newcomen Society, 54 (198283), pp. 2754. Copyright 198283 by the Newcomen Society, London.
Chapter 8: George H. Rappole, The old Croton Aqueduct, Journal of the Society for Industrial Archeology, 4, no. 1 (1978), pp. 1525. Copyright 1978 by the Society for Industrial Archeology, Houghton, MI.
Chapter 9: Gary A. Donaldson, Bringing water to the Crescent City: Benjamin Latrobe and the New Orleans waterworks system, Louisiana History, 28, no. 4 (1987), pp. 381396. Copyright 1987 by the Louisiana Historical Association, Lafayette, LA.
Chapter 10: Susan B. Hanley, Urban sanitation in preindustrial Japan, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 18, no. 1 (1987), pp. 126. Copyright 1987 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the editors of the Journal of Interdisciplinary History. Reprinted by permission of the editors and the MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Chapter 11: Robert A. Otter, The development of Victorian infrastructures: the example of Portsmouth, Proceedings of the ICE, North Western Association Centenary Conference: Infrastructure Renovation and Waste Control, ed. D.C. Proctor and I.L. Whyte, (Manchester, 810 April 1986), pp. 109119. Copyright 1987 by the Institution of Civil Engineers.
Chapter 12: Christopher Hamlin, Edwin Chadwick and the engineers, 18421854: the systems and antisystems in the pipeandbrick sewers war, Technology and Culture, 33, no. 4 (1992), pp. 680709. Copyright 1992 by the Society for the History of Technology. Reprinted by permission of the University of Chicago Press.
Chapter 13: The separate vs. combined sewer problem: a case study in urban technology and design choice, Journal of Urban History, 5, no. 3 (1979), pp. 308339. Copyright 1979 by Sage Publications, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications, Inc.
Chapter 14: Denis Smith, Sir Joseph William Bazalgette (18191891): engineer to the Metropolitan Board of Works,
