John Turner - Arms in the 80s: New Developments in the Global Arms Race

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ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS: NUCLEAR SECURITY

Volume 15

ARMS IN THE 80S

First published in 1985 by Taylor & Francis Ltd

This edition first published in 2021

by Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN

and by Routledge

52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

1985 Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-0-367-50682-7 (Set)

ISBN: 978-1-00-309763-1 (Set) (ebk)

ISBN: 978-0-367-53308-3 (Volume 15) (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-00-308137-1 (Volume 15) (ebk)

Publishers Note

The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent.

Disclaimer

The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace.

Arms in the 80s

NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE GLOBAL ARMS RACE

sipri

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

SIPRI is an independent institute for research into problems of peace and conflict, especially those of arms control and disarmament. It was established in 1966 to commemorate Swedens 150 years of unbroken peace.

The institute is financed by the Swedish Parliament. The staff, the Governing Board and the Scientific Council are international.

The Board and Scientific Council are not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the institute.

Governing Board

Rolf Bjrnerstedt, Chairman (Sweden)

Egon Bahr (FR Germany)

Francesco Calogero (Italy)

Tim Greve (Norway)

Max Jakobson (Finland)

Karlheinz Lohs (German Democratic Republic)

Emma Rothschild (United Kingdom)

The Director

Director

Frank Blackaby (United Kingdom)

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

Pipers vg 28, S-171 73 Solna, Sweden

Cable: Peaceresearch Stockholm

Telephone: 08-55 97 00

Arms in the 80s

NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE GLOBAL ARMS RACE

John Turner

and

sipri

Stockholm International Peace Research Institute

UK Taylor & Francis Ltd, 4 John St, London WC1N 2ET

USA Taylor & Francis Inc., 242 Cherry St, Philadelphia, PA 191061906

Copyright SIPRI 1985

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner and publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

Turner, John, 1949 Oct. 17-

Arms in the 80s: new developments in the

global arms race.

1. Arms race

I. Title II. Stockholm International Peace

Research Institute

355.82 U815

ISBN 0-85066-298-2

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data is available

Front cover photograph by Ira Wymen/SYGMA

Cover design by Malvern Lumsden

Illustrated by John Blackman

Book design by Chris McLeod

Typesetting by Mathematical Composition Setters Ltd, Ivy Street, Salisbury, UK

Printed in Great Britain by Redwood Burn Ltd, Trowbridge, Wilts.

The world spends an enormous amount on preparations for war. Year by year, more and more resources go into the military sector. More and more complex weapon systems are devised. Of all research scientists and engineers in the world, more than one in four is working for the military.

Throughout the 40 years since the end of World War II, the technological arms race has continued. Now it is moving faster. The United States leads the way, followed by the Soviet Union. Between them, they possess some 50000 nuclear warheadsmore than enough to destroy the world. They plan to increase the number, to make the weapons more accurate, and to base them on new weapon platforms closer to the borders of the other side.

Some people prefer not to think about these things. Many, however, are becoming increasingly concernedwondering about the future for themselves and for their children. This book is for those who want to know what is happening. What new missiles are being built? What is happening in outer space? What are the facts about chemical weapons? What progress is being made (if any) in Geneva, Vienna and Stockholm, where the powers are negotiating on these matters?

The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute has been concerned with these matters throughout the 19 years of its existence. It is a neutral institute, neither Eastern nor Western. It has established itself as an impartial authority in the field of armaments, disarmament and arms control. Each year SIPRI publishes a comprehensive Yearbook of World Armaments and Disarmament.

The Yearbook is, however, expensive, with many technical chapters. SIPRI therefore commissioned John Turner to write a more popular account, based on the SIPRI Yearbook 1985, of what is happening in the world of armaments and disarmament; John Turner worked in close collaboration with SIPRIs research staff. I commend this book to all those who feel a concern about these central questions of peace and war.

Stockholm Frank Blackaby

April 1985 Director

Authors acknowledgements

I am deeply indebted to the research staff at SIPRI whose work I have drawn on extensively in writing this book, and whose comments and suggestions on the text have been both stimulating and helpful. I am also very grateful for the work of Connie Wall, Pauline Torehall and Gillian Stanbridge. Without them there would have been no book.

Contents

1. i
2. ii
3. x

Guide

Number of nuclear warheads on strategic and eurostrategic weapons

The graph shows US and Soviet strategic forces, and from 1982 also US, Soviet, French and British eurostrategic missiles. Eurostrategic aircraft are not included. Two things stand out from this graph. First, by 1982 the Soviet Union had achieved broad parity in nuclear warheads with the USA. Second, the projected increase in the warheads held by the USA, France and the UK will almost double the stockpile they had in 1975. Figures for Soviet programmes are not published, but it is unlikely that the Soviet Union will lag behind.

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