Grigory Ioffe - Historical Dictionary of Belarus

The historical dictionaries present essential information on a broad range of subjects, including American and world history, art, business, cities, countries, cultures, customs, film, global conflicts, international relations, literature, music, philosophy, religion, sports, and theater. Written by experts, all contain highly informative introductory essays of the topic and detailed chronologies that, in some cases, cover vast historical time periods but still manage to heavily feature more recent events.

Brief AZ entries describe the main people, events, politics, social issues, institutions, and policies that make the topic unique, and entries are cross-referenced for ease of browsing. Extensive bibliographies are divided into several general subject areas, providing excellent access points for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more. Additionally, maps, photographs, and appendixes of supplemental information aid high school and college students doing term papers or introductory research projects. In short, the historical dictionaries are the perfect starting point for anyone looking to research in these fields.

Historical Dictionaries of Europe

Jon Woronoff, Series Editor

Greece, by Thanos M. Veremis and Mark Dragoumis. 1995.

Romania, by Kurt W. Treptow and Marcel Popa. 1996.

United Kingdom: Volume 1, England and the United Kingdom; Volume 2, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, by Kenneth J. Panton and Keith A. Cowlard. 1997, 1998.

Hungary, by Steven Bla Vrdy. 1997.

Ireland, by Colin Thomas and Avril Thomas. 1997.

Russia, by Boris Raymond and Paul Duffy. 1998.

Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, by Zeljan Suster. 1999.

Belgium, by Robert Stallaerts. 1999.

Poland, 2nd edition, by George Sanford. 2003.

Finland, 2nd edition, by George Maude. 2007.

Belgium, 2nd edition, by Robert Stallaerts. 2007.

Moldova, 2nd edition, by Andrei Brezianu and Vlad Spnu. 2007.

Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2nd edition, by Ante uvalo. 2007.

Modern Italy, 2nd edition, by Mark F. Gilbert and K. Robert Nilsson. 2007.

Contemporary United Kingdom, by Kenneth J. Panton and Keith A. Cowlard. 2008.

Norway, by Jan Sjvik. 2008.

France, 2nd edition, by Gino Raymond. 2008.

Republic of Macedonia, by Dimitar Bechev. 2009.

Cyprus, by Farid Mirbagheri. 2010.

Austria, 2nd edition, by Paula Sutter Fichtner. 2009.

Modern Greece, by Dimitris Keridis. 2009.

Czech State, 2nd edition, by Rick Fawn and Ji Hochman. 2010.

Portugal, 3rd edition, by Douglas L. Wheeler and Walter C. Opello Jr. 2010.

Croatia, 3rd edition, by Robert Stallaerts. 2010.

Albania, 2nd edition, by Robert Elsie. 2010.

Malta, 2nd edition, by Uwe Jens Rudolf and Warren G. Berg. 2010.

Armenia, 2nd edition, by Rouben Paul Adalian. 2010.

Russian Federation, by Robert A. Saunders and Vlad Strukov. 2010.

Kosovo, 2nd edition, by Robert Elsie. 2011.

Lithuania, 2nd edition, by Saulius Suiedlis. 2011.

Ukraine, 2nd edition, by Ivan Katchanovski, Zenon E. Kohut, Bohdan Y. Nebesio, and Myroslav Yurkevich. 2013.

Ireland, new edition, by Frank A. Biletz. 2014.

Slovakia, 3rd edition, by Stanislav J. Kirschbaum. 2014.

Switzerland, 2nd edition, by Leo Schelbert. 2014.

Bulgaria, 3rd edition, by Raymond Detrez. 2015.

Georgia, 2nd edition, by Alexander Mikaberidze. 2015.

Estonia, 2nd edition, by Toivo Miljan. 2015.

Sweden, 3rd edition, by Elisabeth Elgn and Irene Scobbie. 2015.

Netherlands, 3rd edition, by Joop W. Koopmans. 2015.

Iceland, 2nd edition, by Sverrir Jakobsson and Gumunder Hlfdanarson. 2016.

Denmark, 3rd edition, by Alastair H. Thomas. 2016.

Contemporary Germany, 2nd edition, by Derek Lewis with Ulrike Zitzlsperger. 2016.

Latvia, 3rd edition, by Aldis Purs and Andrejs Plakans. 2017.

Slovenia, 3rd edition, by Leopoldina Plut-Pregelj, Gregor Kranjc, arko Lazarevi, and Carole Rogel. 2018.

Spain, 3rd edition, by Angel Smith. 2018.

Turkey, 4th edition, by Metin Heper, Duygu ztrk-Tunel, and Nur Bilge Criss. 2018.

Belarus, 3rd edition, by Grigory Ioffe and Vitali Silitski Jr. 2018.

ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD

Lanham Boulder New York Toronto Plymouth, UK

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Ioffe, G. V. (Grigorii Viktorovich), author. | Silitski, Vitali, 19722011, author.

Title: Historical dictionary of Belarus / Grigory Ioffe and Vitali Silitski Jr.

Description: Third edition. | Lanham : Rowman & Littlefield, 2018. | Series: Historical dictionaries of Europe | Includes bibliographical references. | Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.

Identifiers: Identifiers: LCCN 2018008074 (print) | LCCN 2018023005 (ebook) | ISBN 9781538117064 (ebook) | ISBN 9781538117057 (cloth : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: BelarusHistoryDictionaries.

Classification: LCC DK507.37 (ebook) | LCC DK507.37 .S55 2018 (print) | DDC 947.8003dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018008074

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.

Printed in the United States of America

This book is dedicated to Raisa Ioffe (ne Leichtman),
born and raised in Mazyr, Belarus.

Belarus is one of the states that emerged after the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. However, unlike Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Armenia, and Georgia, Belarus was not independent in the past and is still developing a sense of statehood. Thus, there is much debate about which path Belarus should follow, and it has moved in distinctly different directions from the other states in the region. Therefore, it is particularly important to look more closely at both the past and the present of this country, both of which are not well known abroad.

This new edition of the Historical Dictionary of Belarus is one of the very few resources to collect information on a broad range of topics, including history, politics, economy, society, culture, and religion. It reaches back to the countrys origins; describes the long periods of domination by Russia, Poland, and others and the brief periods of partial independence; and introduces the new state. In so doing, it highlights the important people, places, events, and institutions in Belaruss development.