Brendan Taylor - American Sanctions in the Asia-Pacific

Sanctions are a persistent many would argue increasingly central component of American efforts to shape foreign policy outcomes in the Asia-Pacifi c. The use of sanctions in the context of two of the most pressing regional security issues currently on Washingtons radar the ongoing North Korean nuclear crisis and the management of Chinas emergence clearly reaffi rms this pattern. This book provides the fi rst comprehensive treatment of US sanctions policy in the Asia-Pacifi c. Using the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush presidencies as a basis for comparison, it examines nine prominent episodes involving the US use of sanctions toward countries in this economically and strategically vital part of the world. In each case it addresses the reasons why sanctions were employed in the fi rst place, the precise nature of sanctions and how they operated in practice, before evaluating their effectiveness. Finally, it identifi es common trends that emerge from this analysis and draws out practical implications for US sanctions policy, in particular when and how the US can and cannot optimally use sanctions in an Asia-Pacifi c context.

Brendan Taylor is a Lecturer in the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University. He is a specialist on Asian security, American foreign policy, economic statecraft and alliance politics.

Series Editors

Leszek Buszynski, International University of Japan, and William Tow, Australian National University

Security issues have become more prominent in the Asia Pacifi c region because of the presence of global players, rising great powers, and confi dent middle powers, which intersect in complicated ways. This series puts forward important new work on key security issues in the region. It embraces the roles of the major actors, their defense policies and postures and their security interaction over the key issues of the region. It includes coverage of the United States, China, Japan, Russia, the Koreas, as well as the middle powers of ASEAN and South Asia. It also covers issues relating to environmental and economic security as well as transnational actors and regional groupings.

1 Bush and Asia

Americas evolving relations with East Asia

Edited by Mark Beeson

2 Japan, Australia and Asia-Pacific Security

Edited by Brad Williams and Andrew Newman

3 Regional Cooperation and its Enemies in Northeast Asia

The impact of domestic forces

Edited by Edward Friedman and Sung Chull Kim

4 Energy Security in Asia

Edited by Michael Wesley

5 Australia as an Asia Pacific Regional Power

Friendships in fl ux?

Edited by Brendan Taylor

6 Securing Southeast Asia

The politics of security sector reform

Mark Beeson and Alex J. Bellamy

7 Pakistans Nuclear Weapons

Bhumitra Chakma

8 Human Security in East Asia

Challenges for collaborative action

Edited by Sorpong Peou

9 Security and International Politics in the South China Sea

Towards a co-operative management regime

Edited by Sam Bateman and Ralf Emmers

10 Japans Peace Building Diplomacy in Asia

Seeking a more active political role

Lam Peng Er

11 Geopolitics and Maritime Territorial Disputes in East Asia

Ralf Emmers

12 North Koreas MilitaryDiplomatic Campaigns, 19662008

Narushige Michishita

13 Political Change, Democratic Transitions and Security in Southeast Asia

Mely Caballero-Anthony

14 American Sanctions in the Asia-Pacific

Brendan Taylor

To my parents, for all their love and support

First published 2010
by Routledge
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This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2009.

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2010 Brendan Taylor

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Taylor, Brendan, 1974-

American sanctions in the Asia-Pacific / Brendan Taylor.
p. cm. -- (Routledge security in Asia Pacific series ; 14)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
(hardback : alk. paper) 1. United States--Foreign relations--Asia. 2. Asia--Foreign relations-- United States. 3. United States--Foreign relations--Pacific Area. 4. Pacific Area--Foreign relations--United States. 5. Sanctions (International law) 6. United States--Foreign relations--1989- 7. Asia--Politics and government--1945- 8. Pacific Area-- Politics and government. I. Title.
DS33.4.U6T39 2009
327.117--dc22
2009017723

ISBN 0-203-86681-9 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN10: 0-415-42350-3 (hbk)
ISBN10: 0-203-86681-9 (ebk)

ISBN13: 978-0-415-42350-2 (hbk)
ISBN13: 978-0-203-86681-8 (ebk)

This book would not have been possible without the support and encouragement of three dear friends and academic colleagues. Rob Ayson from the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, has been a valued sounding board for my ideas throughout the process of writing this book. I particularly appreciate the time and space which he and my colleagues in the Graduate Studies in Strategy and Defence program have created to enable me to complete it. Evelyn Goh of Royal Holloway College, University of London, has offered wise and insightful counsel at various critical junctures during the project. One of the editors of the series and Professor of International Security at the Australian National Universitys Department of International Relations, Bill Tow, initially encouraged me to write this book and has also been a strong and steadfast source of support throughout the projects many ebbs and fl ows.

The Australian National University has provided the perfect setting within which to undertake this project, fi lled as it is with so many genuine and genuinely inspiring people. My interest in sanctions began there almost a decade ago when I commenced a doctoral dissertation on the subject. A very special thanks to Des Ball and Stuart Harris who, as academic supervisors, guided me through that period, and also to Greg Austin and Pauline Kerr who offered much valuable advice along the way. During the years since, a number of other friends and colleagues at the Australian National University have endured many corridor conversations about this book including Coral Bell, Jude Blacklock, Paul Dibb, Lorraine Elliott, Stephan Frhling, Greg Fry, Ron Huisken, Beverley Loke, Trang Nguyen, Josh Straub, Hannah Taarnby, Shannon Tow, Hugh White and Ping Yu.